<span>the plates located at our planet's surface move because of the extreme heat in the earth's core that then leads to the molten rock in the mantle layer to move. it moves in a pattern called a convection cell, it forms when warm material rises, cools down, and eventually sinks down. </span>
When a DNA sequence alteration results in a stop codon rather than a codon that specifies an amino acid, it is known as a nonsense mutation. This is rarely seen in 10% of patients with genetic disease.
<h3>What is nonsense mutation?</h3>
A nonsense mutation in a DNA sequence causes a premature stop codon, also known as a nonsense codon, in the transcribed mRNA as well as a shortened, ineffective, and typically nonfunctional protein product.
Because stop codons, also known as nonsense codons, signal the completion of protein synthesis rather than encoding for an amino acid, they are the source of the term "nonsense mutation."
Examples of illnesses for which nonsense mutations have been implicated as contributing factors include: Cystic fibrosis (produced by the G542X mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator); (CFTR) Beta-globin (thalassemia) Hurler disease.
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Hi
Below are five major steps of DNA or gene cloning:
1: You chose the gene or specific piece of DNA you need to clone and cut the gene with restriction enzymes from the source organism.
2: You need to choose a vector for the process of cloning and you will cut the vector with same restriction enzymes through which you have cut your target DNA sequence to be inserted into the vector.
3: You place the target gene into the vector and join or seal the gene with vector by using an enzyme called DNA ligase.
4: You introduce the vector with your target gene into a suitable host organism such as yeast or bacteria through the process of Transformation. In this process host organism takes up the vector containing your target gene and starts replicating the target DNA along with their own DNA and thus creating millions of copies of target gene .
5: In the last step, the DNA or target gene is isolated from host organism and purified and is ready to be used since its quantity has been enormously increased through the process of cloning.
The cloning is also called as recombinant DNA technology and is the main process that is being used in the production of insulin for diabetes patients. You can see below image for better understanding.
Hope it help!
Answer:
Protein is also used for growth and repair. Amid all these necessary functions, proteins also hold the potential to serve as a metabolic fuel source. Proteins are not stored for later use, so excess proteins must be converted into glucose or triglycerides, and used to supply energy or build energy reserves.
The correct answer of the given question above is option A. The line of defense that his immune system is exhibiting in this situation is the first line of defense. The first line of defense includes the physical or external line of defense of the body that are responsible for inhibiting of the entry of foreign microorganisms. Such include the skin, tears, cilia, mucus, urine flow and even stomach acid.
