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dusya [7]
2 years ago
10

What molecule would be the most affected by limited nitrogen?

Biology
2 answers:
Artist 52 [7]2 years ago
3 0
C. fat molecules surrounding organs
FinnZ [79.3K]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

answer is A

Explanation:

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HELP!! DUE TODAY
goldenfox [79]

Answer:

In the past decade, genetic testing aimed at identifying ancestry has experienced exponential growth, with nearly 26 million tests sold since 2018 (6). Companies – such as 23andMe – offer kits to trace your genetic legacy and geographical origins using Y-chromosome, mitochondrial, and whole-genome markers (1). Genetic ancestry testing holds the potential to identify the geographic origins of an individual’s ancestors, ancestral lineages, and relatives, but does not define a deterministic cultural identity.

DNA located in the mitochondrion, mtDNA, is inherited maternally in both sexes and can thus provide evidence of an direct, unbroken female lineage (10). The mtDNA typically passes unchanged from mother to offspring, except in the rare case of a mutation. By comparing full mtDNA sequence or assaying for particular haplogroups, it is possible to establish both close ancestry and rough global origins, respectively (4). Regardless, two individuals, even with an exact mtDNA match, may have had an ancestor as far back as ten or sixteen generations (9). Consumers should thus be warned against over-interpreting mtDNA results since they unravel a single thread in an individual’s genetic ancestry. A distinct benefit of mtDNA tests is the ability to distinguish maternal lineage in recorded genealogical data in which females adopt the male surname (10).

Contrary to mtDNA, Y-chromosome DNA is inherited paternally, passed down from father to son. Ancestry tests analyze locations along the Y chromosome, cataloging mutations known as single nucleotide polymorphisms and repeating patterns known as short tandem repeats (8). Test results can determine if two male members of separate families with the same surname have a close genetic relationship (10). In addition, a multitude of haplogroups, representing branching in the Y-chromosome tree, can be used to examine the presence of a common ancestor thousands of years back, contributing another thread to the central question of genetic ancestry (8,7).

A more comprehensive basis of determining ancestry relies on the presence of millions of autosomal variants, such as single nucleotide variants (SNVs), across the genome (10,3,7). An individual’s unique pattern of SNVs is compared with various reference populations and other consumers in order to infer their ancestry (10). Companies such as 23andMe provide a readout of broad ancestry and specific subgroups. Ancestral populations such as European and Western Asian are often further broken down into subpopulations (e.g. British, Greek, Iran). The accuracy of more specific statistical inferences is often variable, with companies examining different SNVs reporting inconsistencies in percentages for the same individual (3). In addition, since many reference populations do not account for migration and interbreeding thousands of years back, an ethnicity estimate with a high degree of confidence could still differ drastically from an individual’s expectations (10). Statistical inferences have diminished accuracy in regions such as East Africa and South Asia with comparatively limited data relative to well studied European populations, leading to further possible inconsistencies (7).

While the commercialization of genetic-ancestry tests has resulted in improved accuracy and innovation, the hyper-aggressive marketing of such products risks misinforming consumers, particularly in regards to cultural heritage. Consider, for example, an advertisement by the company Ancestry where a woman finds “[her] strength” after realizing she shares maternal lineage to a matriarchal people in Ghana (11). The pervasive marketing has even infiltrated music: In 2018, Spotify and Ancestry partnered to suggest playlists and artists based on test results, blatantly equating DNA and cultural heritage (2). While such marketing efforts are externally harmless, they carry a hidden message that DNA plays a meaningful role in our cultural identity. Most consumers are ill-informed in the field of genomic science, and may assume that their test results are deterministic and connote a contribution to heritage.

Genetic-ancestry tests may also perpetuate the idea of innate racial differences and entangle race with culture. A randomized trial reported that White Americans with lower genetic literacy had increased essentialist views after receiving test results (6). Those of Hispanic heritage share cultural aspects such as language, but may differ in genetic test results due to post-colonial admixture of Native, European, and African populations (5). Does a test result of 90% European heritage indicate “more” Hispanic heritage than 80% African? Such conclusions are entirely inaccurate and dangerous, but plausible given the genetic literacy of the typical consumer.

Explanation:

8 0
2 years ago
A plant biologist is asked to develop strawberry plants with larger, sweeter berries. Through selective breeding, the biologist
frutty [35]

Answer: Clonal progagation

Explanation:

Clonal propagation involves the production of identical individual without the fusion of germ cells. It can be multiplication through stem and other plants part such as leaves.

Strawberry as a fruits can be multiplied using the stems thus preventing the germ cells from genetic recombination that could lead to the formation of entirely new plants. It does not involve the union of male and female germ cells.

3 0
3 years ago
An adaptation becomes more widespread in a population through the process of _____.
vovangra [49]
C) Natural selection

When something happens in nature and something changes all of a sudden, the animals tend to adapt to what gives them more chances of survival.  As a result, a large amount of the population would attempt to adapt in a way that helps them survive.
7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What refrigerant safety group classification has the highest flammability and the highest toxicity?
timama [110]

Answer;

-B3

Explanation;

Refrigerants are divided into two groups according to toxicity:

-Class A signifies refrigerants for which toxicity has not been identified at concentrations less than or  equal to 400 ppm;  and

-Class B signifies refrigerants for which there is evidence of toxicity at concentrations below 400 ppm.

They are also divided into three groups according to flammability:

-Class 1 indicates refrigerants that do not show flame propagation when tested in air at 21°C and 101  kPa;

-Class 2 indicates refrigerants having a lower flammability limit of more than 0.10 kg/m3  at 21°C and  101 kPa and a heat of combustion of less than 19 kJ/kg;

-Class 3 indicates refrigerants that are highly flammable as defined by a lower flammability limit of less  than or equal to 0.10 kg/m3  at 21°C and 101 kPa or a heat of combustion greater than or equal to 19  kJ/kg.

-Therefore; the answer for the above question would be Class B and class 3.

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
How would you explain why ice floats to a child?
Neporo4naja [7]
Ice floats because it expands (kid version). The molecules are less dense in ice than when water (H2O) and the structure is different.



Hope that help
3 0
3 years ago
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