Plants don't need sap. Plants produce sap and attract bugs.
The aqueous product conducts electricity while the solid does not. Ionic solids do not conduct electricity, but ions dissolved in solution do.
The chemical name of the base is calcium hydroxide.
Increasing the temperature of the system would increase the rate of the reaction.
The atomic number of an element never changes no matter how many neutrons they have so Sulfur would just have an atomic number of 16 like normal.