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solmaris [256]
2 years ago
9

Relate the properties of atoms, their position in the periodic table, and their number of valence electrons to their chemical re

activity.
Chemistry
1 answer:
dalvyx [7]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Explanation:

An atom is the smallest unit of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. Atoms can exist as a monoatomic (such as in the case of Helium, Xenon and Neon) or as diatomic (such as in the case of oxygen and nitrogen). Atoms take part in a chemical reaction and there reactivity varies among themselves.

From the above, it can be deduced that atoms have protons, neutrons and electrons. The number of protons (which is positively charged) of an atom determines it's position on the periodic table because elements in the periodic table are arranged according to the number of protons (called atomic number). The electron(s) present in the outermost shell of each atom (called valence electrons) determines there chemical reactivity. What happens here is that, all atoms (except noble gases) want to achieve there duplet or octet configuration so as to become stable. This octet configuration means they want to have there outermost shell completely filled (with eight electrons or two electrons for duplet). They usually achieve this configuration by taking part in chemical reactions. Thus, when an atom has just one electron in it's outermost shell, it becomes easy to lose it to another atom by way of interacting with it in a chemical reaction. When it loses this single electron (valence electron) in it's outermost shell, it becomes stable with the inner completely filled shell (that would be the new outermost shell). Examples include Lithium, sodium and potassium. Sodium (with eleven electrons and three shells) would lose the single electron in it's outermost shell so as to have just two shells with the second shell completely filled with eight electrons. Thus, <u>the more the valence electron to be lost to achieve the octet structure</u>,<u> the lesser the reactivity of the atom</u>.

Also, an atom that has just one electron to complete it's own outermost shell and thus achieve it's octet structure is also highly reactive. This is also because it is easy for this atom to receive a single electron and become completely filled. Examples include chlorine, fluorine and iodine. Fluorine (with nine electrons and two shells) will easily accept one more electron so as to achieve it's octet structure with a completely filled outermost shell (of eight electrons). Thus, <u>the lesser the electrons to be gained to achieve the octet configuration, the higher the chemical reactivity of such atoms</u>. Noble gases have extremely low or no reactivity at all for this reason because it has a completely filled outermost shell (no losing or donating).

It should also be noted that metals (which are found on the left of the periodic table) exist as monoatomic while gases (which are found on the right), with the exception of noble gases, are mostly diatomic.

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How many electrons in an atom can have each of the following quantum number or sublevel designations?
Karo-lina-s [1.5K]

Answer: (a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 14

Explanation:

In the Azimuthal quantum number(l) electrons in a particular subshell (such as s, p, d, or f) are defined by values of l (0, 1, 2, or 3).

s is l=0, p is l=1, d is l=2, f is l=3.

The magnetic quantum number (ml)  The value of ml can range from -l to +l, including zero. Thus the s, p, d, and f subshells contain 1, 3, 5, and 7 orbitals each, with values of m within the ranges 0, ±1, ±2, ±3 respectively. Each shell can have 2 x l + 1 sublevels, and each of these sublevel can accommodate up to two electrons.

(a) n=2, l=1, ml=0. If l=1 then 2 x 1+ 1=3 sublevels, 3*2=6 electrons. When l=1, ml =-1,0,+1, ml=0  accommodate two(2)electrons

(b) 5p. p is l=1  If l=1 then 2 x 1+ 1=3 sublevels, 3*2= electrons. This means in the 5 shell, the p orbital has 3 subshell and accommodate 6 electrons.

(c) n = 4, l = 3 if l=3 then 2 x 3+ 1=7 sublevel 7*2=14 electrons. This means the in the 4 shell, the f orbital has 7 subshell and accomdate 14 elections.

7 0
2 years ago
What is an acid base indicator​
zhenek [66]

Answer:

Acid-base indicators are generally weak proteolytic that change color in solution according to the pH. The acid-base equilibrium of a weak acid type of indicator (HI) in water can be represented as. [I] The acid, HI, and the conjugate base, I−, have different colors. The equilibrium expression for this process is.

3 0
3 years ago
No matter how much water a human drinks, the kidneys are always regulating various aspects of the blood, including _____________
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The answers are I, II and IV

No matter how much water a human drinks, the kidneys are always regulating various aspects of the blood, including the pH of the blood, the plasma concentration of iron ions and the plasma concentration of potassium ions.

 






3 0
3 years ago
OK! this is for the weebs :D
maw [93]

Answer:

Explanation:3

4 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Unit 1- Unit Assessment (Matter &amp; Density)
konstantin123 [22]

Answer:

<h3>The answer is 11 g/mL</h3>

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

density =  \frac{mass}{volume} \\

From the question

mass = 3025 g

volume = 275 mL

We have

density =  \frac{3025}{275}  \\

We have the final answer as

<h3>11 g/mL</h3>

Hope this helps you

7 0
3 years ago
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