Answer:
Vertical accountability refers to the ability of 
a. individuals and groups to hold state institutions accountable
Explanation:
When discussing accountability in governance, there are different types which include vertical accountability and horizontal accountability.
Vertical accountability refers to the ability of individuals and groups to hold state institutions accountable and horizontal accountability refers to the ability of the legislature to hold the executive accountable.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Total pay is : $909.44
Explanation:
$15. 68/2 = 7.84 times 8 = 627.20
15.68 times 2 = 31.36 times 7 = 219.52
 $627.20 +$ 62.72 + $219.52 = $ 909.44
 
        
             
        
        
        
The break-even point in units using the mathematical equation  is 2,000 in units and the unit contribution margin is 80 per unit.
<h3>Break even points in units</h3>
a. Break-even point in unit
Using this formula
Break-even point in unit=Fixed cost/(Selling price-Variable cost)
 TC = FC + VC
Sales - TC = Net Income
Sales - TC = 0
Sales - FC - VC = 0
2500(Q)-160,000-170(Q) = 0
80(Q)-160,000 = 0
80(Q)=160,000
Q=160,000/80
Q=2,000 break-even in units
b. Unit contribution margin
 Unit contribution margin = Selling price- Variable cost
 Unit contribution margin= $250 - $170
 Unit contribution margin =$80 per unit
Inconclusion the break-even point in units using the mathematical equation  is 2,000 in units and the unit contribution margin is 80 per unit.
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