Answer:
1. spontaneously
2. resting potential
3. action potentials
4. pacemaker potentials
5. K+
6. Na+
7. into
8. Ca+
Explanation:
Pacemaker cells (also known as sinoatrial node cells) are cells that generate rhythmic impulses and set the pace for blood pumping in the heart. These cells have the ability to rhythmically depolarize and initiate action potentials. In pacemaker cells, Ca2+ and Na+ levels are higher in the extracellular environment, while K+ concentration is higher intracellularly. The pacemaker action potentials have three phases: 1-depolarization, where membrane potential reaches -40 mV and voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open, 2-repolarization, where voltage-gated Ca2+ channels close and voltage-gated K+ channels open, and finally 3-gradual depolarization, which is caused by the slow influx of Na+ ions.
Answer:
Adductor complex
Explanation:
The valgus of the knee is also known as the valgus collapse and medial displacement of the knee. It is characterized by an adduction and internal rotation of the hip, usually when it is in a hip-flexed position (the knee actually abducts and rotates externally). It can also be thought of as a knee that expires while you descend on a<u> squat </u>or landing. When standing on one limb, the pelvis on the opposite side usually also falls during the valgus collapse.
Inadequate gluteus / hip strength (lower gluteus, gluteus buttocks, gluteus maximus, external hip rotators), possibly in combination with<u> hyperactive hip adductors</u>, prevents adequate stabilization of the femur. The hips move in adduction and internal rotation. And when the adductors are hyperactive compared to the external buttocks / rotators of the hip, the knee is dragged in a manner similar to the collapse of the valgus.
Answer: The actions that results in the best chance of survival is (Start CPR, and use an AED if one is available).
Explanation:
First aid is a life saving procedures which are carried out in emergency situations by either a trained personnel or any available individual following a guideline. These life threatening emergency situations include:
--> when an individual stops breathing
--> severe bleeding of all types
--> Electric shock
When an individual stops breathing an immediate resuscitation is required. This is because if the brain is deprived of oxygen for more than about 4 minutes, permanent brain damage will occur. Therefore artificial respiration (ventilation) should be applied. This can be done following the Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedures and accompanied with an automated external defibrillator (AED) is available to achieve the best chance of survival.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving procedure that involves the combination of chest compressions with artificial ventilation through the mouth for someone who is not breathing. This should be done first, if the individual is not responding, may be the heart is not beating due to a circulatory arrest, an automated external defibrillator (AED) should be used if available. This easy to use device delivers an electrical shock to the heart which enables it re-establish an effective rhythm.
