Answer:
AgI, AgBr, AgCl and Ag₂CrO₄
Explanation:
Ksp (product solubility constant) is defined as the equilibrium constant of the general reaction:
XₐYₙ(s) → aXⁿ⁺(aq) + nYᵃ⁻(aq)
<em>Where X is cation and Y is anion.</em>
Ksp = [aXⁿ⁺]ᵃ [nYᵃ⁻]ⁿ
The presence of XₐYₙ(s) produce ax moles of aXⁿ⁺ and nx moles of Yᵃ⁻. <em>Where X is the solubility of the compound.</em>
Replacing in Ksp:
Ksp = [ax]ᵃ [nx]ⁿ
Solving for x, Solubility (S) is defined as:
![S = \sqrt[n+a]{\frac{Ksp}{a^{a} n^n} }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=S%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%5Bn%2Ba%5D%7B%5Cfrac%7BKsp%7D%7Ba%5E%7Ba%7D%20n%5En%7D%20%7D)
For AgCl, Ag₂CrO₄, AgBr and AgI solubilities are:
![S = \sqrt[2]{\frac{1.8x10^{-10}}{1} }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=S%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%5B2%5D%7B%5Cfrac%7B1.8x10%5E%7B-10%7D%7D%7B1%7D%20%7D)
= 1.34x10⁻⁵M
![S = \sqrt[3]{\frac{1.1x10^{-12}}{4} }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=S%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%5B3%5D%7B%5Cfrac%7B1.1x10%5E%7B-12%7D%7D%7B4%7D%20%7D)
= 6.50x10⁻⁵M
![S = \sqrt[2]{\frac{5.4x10^{-13}}{1} }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=S%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%5B2%5D%7B%5Cfrac%7B5.4x10%5E%7B-13%7D%7D%7B1%7D%20%7D)
= 7.35x10⁻⁷M
![S = \sqrt[2]{\frac{8.5^{-17}}{1} }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=S%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%5B2%5D%7B%5Cfrac%7B8.5%5E%7B-17%7D%7D%7B1%7D%20%7D)
= 9.22x10⁻⁹M
The lower solubility is the first compound in precipitate, thus, order of precipitation is:
<em>AgI, AgBr, AgCl and Ag₂CrO₄</em>
Solids' particles move a lot faster and closer together. Liquids' are more spread apart and move slower. So there is more energy in the solid
Answer:
D. F
Explanation:
Electron affinity is defined as the change in energy (in kJ/mole) of a neutral atom (in the gaseous phase) when an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion. In other words, the neutral atom's likelihood of gaining an electron.
The electron affinity values of the following elements is given;
Electron Affinity of Hydrogen is 72.8 kJ/mol.
Electron Affinity of Lithium is 59.6 kJ/mol
electron affinity of carbon is 153.9 kJ mol‑1
Electron Affinity of Fluorine is 328 kJ/mol
The electron affinity of neon is 0 kJ mol‑1.
When nonmetals gain electrons, the energy change is usually negative because they give off energy to form an anion (exothermic process); thus, the electron affinity will be negative.
Nonmetals have a higher electron affinity than metals, meaning they are more likely to gain electrons than atoms with a lower electron affinity.
That explains why florine seems to have the highest electron affinity value.
