A substance is an element if it consists of a single type of atom. A substance is a compound if it is made up of more than one element.
<h3>Elements and compounds</h3>
In chemistry, an element is defined as all pure substances consisting of the same atom. For example, magnesium and potassium metal are all elements because they consist of magnesium and potassium atoms only.
On the other hand, compounds are defined as substances consisting of 2 or more atoms of different elements. For example, sodium chloride consists of atoms of sodium and chlorine. Hence, it is considered to be a compound.
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The additional test is that it should turn methyl orange to red because it is an acid.
The mentioned substance given in the test is an acid, as the bases turn red litmus paper blue, while an acid turns blue litmus paper red. The acid-base indicators are generally weak bases or acids and they function as a chemical detector for hydronium and hydrogen cations.
Phenolphthalein is an example of an acid-base indicator, it becomes pink in basic solutions and colorless in acidic solutions. Methyl orange is another example, which becomes yellow in basic solutions and red in acidic solutions.
Temperature and pressure at the earth's surface are minimal compared to what they are at depth. With sediments, they become converted to rocks or become lithified by burial which subjects them to higher temperature and pressure. If the temperature and pressure become too great, then the sediments will be converted to metamorphic rocks. Basically the rocks or sediments are changing in order to be in equilibrium with the new conditions.
