Complete Question
The complete question is shown on the first uploaded image
Answer:
The concentration of
that should used originally is 
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The necessary elementary step is

The time taken for sixth of 0.5 M of reactant to react 
The time available is 
The desired concentration to remain
Let Z be the reactant , Y be the first product and X the second product
Generally the elementary rate law is mathematically as

Where k is the rate constant ,
is the concentration of Z
From the elementary rate law we see that the reaction is second order (This because the concentration of the reactant is raised to power 2 )
For second order reaction

Where
is the initial concentration of Z which a value of 
From the question we are told that it take 9 hours for the concentration of the reactant to become


So


=> 
For 





Answer:
By using different techniques.
Explanation:
For example: Chromatography involves solvent separation on a solid medium. Distillation takes advantage of differences in boiling points. Evaporation removes a liquid from a solution to leave a solid material. Filtration separates solids of different sizes.
sourced from the internet
Yes this is true as in cold conditions our body doesn't feel the urge of water therefore we may become dehydrated not even knowing about it and of course in hot coditions we sweat therefore we loose water.
Hope this helps :).