The Andromeda is a galaxy which is nearest to the milky way. It is also named as Messier 31 or M31 or NGC 224. It is a spiral galaxy located at a distance of approximately 2.5 million light years from earth.
The Andromeda Galaxy (IPA: /ænˈdrɒmɪdə/), also known as Messier 31, M31, or NGC 224 and originally the Andromeda Nebula (see below), is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 2.5 million light-years (770 kiloparsecs) from Earth and the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way.
With the switch open, there's no current in the circuit, and therefore no voltage drop across any of the dissipative elements (the resistor or the battery's internal impedance). So the entire battery voltage appears across the switch, and the voltmeter reads 12.0V .
Gamma rays are mostly used in the radiotherapy/ radiooncology to treat cancer. They can also be used to spot tumours. Gamma rays can kill living cells and damage malignant tumor
