so, an example of something that might not be a substrate is the animal itself.
explanation
substrate is the surface of where living animals, live.
sorry if this doesnt help.
HAPPY ALMOST HALLOWEEN
The nucleus would be like the command center in the cell, because it monitors the cells functions and keeps everything "running smoothly".
Mammals reproduce to the race
I think both of them are positive feedback
The condensed visible form of chromatin material is called as chromosome.
