I believe the answer is: Headline
Headline is the words/phrases that is written on the top of article. The function of headline is to attract the attention of potential readers so they are interested in reading the article and give the readers with general clue on what the article is about.
C.)some fought for the union,but the overwhelming majority fought for the confederacy
North Carolina was part of the Confederacy so this answer makes sense.
Because at that time the stars helped the tell the direction