Castor oil is increasingly becoming an important bio-based raw material for industrial applications. The oil is non-edible and can be extracted from castor seeds from the castor plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. The oil is a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters linked to a glycerol. The presence of hydroxyl group, a double bond, carboxylic group and a long chain hydrocarbon in ricinoleic acid (a major component of the oil), offer several possibilities of transforming it into variety of materials. The oil is thus a potential alternative to petroleum-based starting chemicals for the production of materials with variety of properties. Despite this huge potential, very little has recently been reviewed on the use of castor oil as a bio-resource in the production of functional materials. This review therefore highlights the potential of castor oil in the production of these diverse materials with their projected global market potential. The review gives the background information of castor oil and its geographical availability, the properties and its uses as bio-based resource for synthesis of various materials. The review further highlights on the use of castor oil or ricinoleic acid as a green capping agent in the synthesis of nanomaterials.
Answer:
percentage change in volume = 0.00285 %
Explanation:
given data
bulk modulus = 3.5 × N/m²
bulk stress = N/m²
solution
we will apply here bulk modulus formula that is
bulk modulus = ...............1
put here value and we get
3.5 × =
solve it we get
bulk strain = 2.8571 ×
and
bulk strain =
so that percentage change in volume is = 2.8571 × × 100
percentage change in volume = 0.00285 %
Answer:
Check the explanation
Explanation:
A vending machine controller is that type of machine that comes with a single serial port on the same chip as the programmable processor. The controller comprises of a port arbitrator that selectively attaches or links one of a number of serially communicating devices to this single serial port.
Kindly check the attached image to get the step by step explanation to the above question.
Answer:
DIAMETER = 9.797 m
POWER =
Explanation:
Given data:
circular windmill diamter D1 = 8m
v1 = 12 m/s
wind speed = 8 m/s
we know that specific volume is given as
where v is specific volume of air
considering air pressure is 100 kPa and temperature 20 degree celcius
v = 0.8409 m^3/ kg
from continuity equation
mass flow rate is given as
the power produced
Answer:
minimum electric power consumption of the fan motor is 0.1437 Btu/s
Explanation:
given data
area = 3 ft by 3 ft
air density = 0.075 lbm/ft³
to find out
minimum electric power consumption of the fan motor
solution
we know that energy balance equation that is express as
E in - E out = ......................1
and at steady state = 0
so we can say from equation 1
E in = E out
so
minimum power required is
E in = W = m =
put here value
E in =
E in =
E in = 0.1437 Btu/s
minimum electric power consumption of the fan motor is 0.1437 Btu/s