Answer: Advertising acts in a method similar to a fee. People who watch TV broadcasts must watch ADs. TV stations turn this into money by selling airtime to advertisers.
Explanation:
A non-rival good is a good whose consumption by one person does not reduce the remaining quantity available. An example is a street light.
For non-excludable goods, it is impossible to prevent everyone from enjoying the benefits of the good. An example is a lighthouse. This is where the free rider problem comes in.
A free rider is someone enjoying the benefits of a good without paying for it. When a good is both non-rival and non-excludable, it is convenient for consumers to enjoy the benefit without paying for it.
If TV broadcasts are both non-rival and non-excludable, everybody can choose to become a free rider. Advertising can solve this problem by converting free riders to potential buyers of goods or services advertised during broadcasts. This way, stations can generate revenue by selling airtime.
Answer:
Part a: The yield moment is 400 k.in.
Part b: The strain is 
Part c: The plastic moment is 600 ksi.
Explanation:
Part a:
As per bending equation

Here
- M is the moment which is to be calculated
- I is the moment of inertia given as

Here
- b is the breath given as 0.75"
- d is the depth which is given as 8"



The yield moment is 400 k.in.
Part b:
The strain is given as

The stress at the station 2" down from the top is estimated by ratio of triangles as

Now the steel has the elastic modulus of E=29000 ksi

So the strain is 
Part c:
For a rectangular shape the shape factor is given as 1.5.
Now the plastic moment is given as

The plastic moment is 600 ksi.
Answer:
The rate of energy absorbed per unit time is 3500W.
Explanation:
From the question, we were given the following parameters;
Plane, opaque, gray, diffuse surface
â = 0.7
Surface area, A = 0.5m²
Incoming radiant energy, G = 10000w/m²
T = 500°C
Rate of energy absorbed is âAG;
âAG = 0.7 × 0.5 × 10000
âAG = 3500W.
The energy absorbed is measured in watts and denoted by the symbol W.