A solution (in this experiment solution of NaNO₃) freezes at a lower temperature than does the pure solvent (deionized water). The higher the
solute concentration (sodium nitrate), freezing point depression of the solution will be greater.
Equation describing the change in freezing point:
ΔT = Kf · b · i.
ΔT - temperature change from pure solvent to solution.
Kf - the molal freezing point depression constant.
b - molality (moles of solute per kilogram of solvent).
i - Van’t Hoff Factor.
First measure freezing point of pure solvent (deionized water). Than make solutions of NaNO₃ with different molality and measure separately their freezing points. Use equation to calculate Kf.
<u>c.</u> 12. preparing data tables and gathering safety equipment
<u>b.</u> 13. reading all instructions before beginning a science lab
<u>a.</u> 14. recognizing what a picture of a hand means
<u>e.</u> 15. wiping your work area with a wet paper towel
<u>d.</u> 16. wearing goggles and an apron
Answer:
gametes are sperm and an egg individually. when the gametes come together and fertilize, they form a zygote.
Periodic Trend:
The Atomic radius of atoms generally decreases from left to right across a period
Group Trend:
The atomic radius of atoms generally increases from top to bottom within a group. As atomic number increases down a group, there is a increase in the positive nuclear charge, however the co-occurring increase in the number of orbitals wins out, increasing the atomic radius down a group in the periodic table
Answer :
The Atom with the greatest atomic radius is chlorine. Fluorine can be ruled out because it is in the same period as oxygen and further to the right down the period. Chlorine has the largest atomic size because it is farthest down the group of any of the above elements listed.
