Answer: -
The first step involves protonation of the carbonyl oxygen.
After protonation, the Alcohol oxygen now attacks the carbon of the carbonyl.
Thus a six membered ring is formed with 5 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom. The 1st position carbon atom has 2 OH groups.
One of these gets again protonated.
This leaves as water. With the loss of the H+, there results a carbonyl at 1 position.
Thus 5-hydroxypentanoic acid forms a lactone or 2-oxanone in presence of acid.
Energy can be conserved by efficient energy use.
Answer: Option A
<u>Explanation:</u>
Energy can be transferred from one form to another, but it cannot be destroyed or created. So it can be conserved if efficiently used. Thus efficient usage of energy lead to conservation of energy. Due to conservation of energy, the forces can be renewable and non-renewable.
So, we should know how the input energy can be completely converted to another form of energy leading to efficient usage of energy without any loss. As if there is no loss, input energy will be equal to output energy leading to 100% efficiency.
Answer:
Explanation:
You look at the type of atom and their electronegativity difference.
If ΔEN <1.6, covalent; if ΔEN >1.6, ionic
Ar/Xe: Noble gases; no reaction
F/Cs: Non-metal + metal; ΔEN = |3.98 – 0.79| = 3.19; Ionic
N/Br: Two nonmetals; ΔEN = |3.04 - 2.98| = 0.
Answer:
0.1 M NaOH, 3 M NH3, 0.01 M CH3COOH, 0.01 M H2SO4, 0.1 M HCl
Explanation:
Strong acids are more acids than weak acids. In the same way, strong bases are more basic than weak bases that are in the same concentration.
Then, the more concentrated acid or base will be more acidic or basic.
CH3COOH. Weak acid
NaOH. Strong base
H2SO4. Strong acid
NH3. Weak base.
HCl. Strong acid
The less acid (More basic):
<h3>0.1 M NaOH, 3 M NH3, 0.01 M CH3COOH, 0.01 M H2SO4, 0.1 M HCl</h3>
Strong base, weak base, weak acid, diluted strong acid, undiluted strong acid
