Explanation:
The lack of a control group
Chlorine + Calcium --> Ionic Bond
Iron cannot covalently bond as it is a metal
Answer:
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Volume of CO₂ = 24cm³
time taken for the reaction to complete = 8minutes.
Unknown:
rate of reaction
Soution
The reaction rate is a measure of speed of a chemical reaction. It is often calculated using the expression below:
Reaction rate = 
Reaction rate =
= 3cm³/min
In this reaction, 3cm³ of carbon dioxide were produced per minute
Secondary succession occurs more rapidly than primary because soil is already available so there is no need for any other species. Also, there might still be surviving species in the soil present like seeds, roots and other plant organs.
For machines such as a rake the output force is less than the input force. If the input force of the rake is 10 newtons and the output force is 5 Newtons mechanical advantage is .5