All the components in the state vector need to sum to 1. You're given that component corresponding to state 1 is 0.2, and that the component for state 3 is 0.
That leaves states 2 and 4, for which you're told that the component for state 2 is four times as large. If

is the component for state

, then you have

which means

. So the state vector is

.
Since the distances were the same you can find the average speed directly by adding the speeds then dividing by 2. No need to weight anything.
If we’re considering speed regardless of direction, the average speed is:
(24 + 16) / 2 = 40 / 2 = 20mph
However if direction matters, then one number has to be negative since the directions are opposite:
(24 - 16) / 2 = 8 / 2 = 4mph (in the positive direction)
Depending on the context, either of these could be your answer.
The decimal approximation for the trigonometric function sin 28°48' is
Given the trigonometric function is sin 28°48'
The ratio between the adjacent side and the hypotenuse is called cos(θ), whereas the ratio between the opposite side and the hypotenuse is called sin(θ). The sin(θ) and cos(θ) values for a given triangle are constant regardless of the triangle's size.
To solve this, we are going to convert 28°48' into degrees first, using the conversion factor 1' = 1/60°
sin (28°48') = sin(28° ₊ (48 × 1/60)°)
= sin(28° ₊ (48 /60)°)
= sin(28° ₊ 4°/5)
= sin(28° ₊ 0.8°)
= sin(28.8°)
= 0.481753
Therefore sin (28°48') is 0.481753.
Learn more about Trigonometric functions here:
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A line is 180°, so the supplementary angel makes up the difference between. 180 - 60 = 120°
The pages would be 166 and 167