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Mekhanik [1.2K]
2 years ago
9

A particular laser consumes 130.0 Watts of electrical power and produces a stream of 2.67×1019 1017 nm photons per second.

Chemistry
1 answer:
solniwko [45]2 years ago
8 0

The missing question is:

<em>What is the percent efficiency of the laser in converting electrical power to light?</em>

The percent efficiency of the laser that consumes 130.0 Watt of electrical power and produces a stream of 2.67 × 10¹⁹ 1017 nm photons per second, is 1.34%.

A particular laser consumes 130.0 Watt (P) of electrical power. The energy input (Ei) in 1 second (t) is:

Ei = P \times t = 130.0 J/s \times 1 s = 130.0 J

The laser produced photons with a wavelength (λ) of 1017 nm. We can calculate the energy (E) of each photon using the Planck-Einstein's relation.

E = \frac{h \times c }{\lambda }

where,

  • h: Planck's constant
  • c: speed of light

E = \frac{h \times c }{\lambda } = \frac{6.63 \times 10^{-34}J.s  \times 3.00 \times 10^{8} m/s }{1017 \times 10^{-9} m }= 6.52 \times 10^{-20} J

The energy of 1 photon is 6.52 × 10⁻²⁰ J. The energy of 2.67 × 10¹⁹ photons (Energy output = Eo) is:

\frac{6.52 \times 10^{-20} J}{photon} \times 2.67 \times 10^{19} photon = 1.74 J

The percent efficiency of the laser is the ratio of the energy output to the energy input, times 100.

Ef = \frac{Eo}{Ei} \times 100\% = \frac{1.74J}{130.0J} \times 100\% = 1.34\%

The percent efficiency of the laser that consumes 130.0 Watt of electrical power and produces a stream of 2.67 × 10¹⁹ 1017 nm photons per second, is 1.34%.

You can learn more about lasers here: brainly.com/question/4869798

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Answer:

a) \Delta G_{mixing}=\frac{R*T}{12}*[4*ln (1/3) +x*ln (x/12) +(8-x)*ln ((8-x)/12)]

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Expression of \Delta G_{mixing}

\Delta G_{mixing}=R*T*\sum_{i]*x_i*ln (x_i)

\Delta G_{mixing}=R*T*[1/3*ln (1/3) +x/12*ln (x/12) +(8-x)/12*ln ((8-x)/12)]

\Delta G_{mixing}=\frac{R*T}{12}*[4*ln (1/3) +x*ln (x/12) +(8-x)*ln ((8-x)/12)]

Expression of \Delta G_{max}

\frac{d \Delta G_{mixing}}{dx}=0

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0=\frac{R*T}{12}*[ln (x/12)-ln ((8-x)/12)

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\Delta G_{max}=\frac{8.314*298}{12}*[4*ln (1/3) +4*ln (4/12) +(8-4)*ln ((8-4)/12)]

\Delta G_{max}=\frac{8.314*298}{12}*[4*ln (1/3) +4*ln (1/3) +(4)*ln (1/3)]

\Delta G_{max}=\frac{8.314*298}{12}*[12*ln (1/3)]

\Delta G_{max}=-2721.9 J/mol

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