Answer:
the short version is density
Explanation:
so the outer part of the nebula is cold and dark 10-20k but at this temutre the gas clumps together heating it up more mass = more gravity = more heat and the gravity will pull more mass that will give the proto star the spherical shape we all know and love
Answer:
4N downward
Explanation:
the 16N left and right cancel each other out, so you are left with the 4N downward.
Newton is the unit of force, while force is a pull or push acting on an object
Answer:
T_finalmix = 59.5 [°C].
Explanation:
In order to solve this problem, a thermal balance must be performed, where the heat is transferred from water to methanol, at the end the temperature of the water and methanol must be equal once the thermal balance is achieved.

where:

mwater = mass of the water = 0.4 [kg]
Cp_water = specific heat of the water = 4180 [J/kg*°C]
T_waterinitial = initial temperature of the water = 85 [°C]
T_finalmix = final temperature of the mix [°C]

Now replacing:
![0.4*4180*(85-T_{final})=0.4*2450*(T_{final}-16)\\142120-1672*T_{final}=980*T_{final}-15680\\157800=2652*T_{final}\\T_{final}=59.5[C]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=0.4%2A4180%2A%2885-T_%7Bfinal%7D%29%3D0.4%2A2450%2A%28T_%7Bfinal%7D-16%29%5C%5C142120-1672%2AT_%7Bfinal%7D%3D980%2AT_%7Bfinal%7D-15680%5C%5C157800%3D2652%2AT_%7Bfinal%7D%5C%5CT_%7Bfinal%7D%3D59.5%5BC%5D)
So it takes, 2.44 Joules of energy, to change 1 gram of ethanol by 1 degree Celsius.