When the earth in its translation movement has the earth's axis is further from the sun and the energy per unit area is minimal, we have the winter season
The translation is the movement of the earth around the Sun, this movement establishes the duration of the year, also the earth's axis is inclined about 23.5º in relation to the orbit.
A consequence of this inclination of the Earth's axis is that the solar rays reach the surface of the planet with different inclinations, when they arrive more perpendicularly the energy deposited by the surface unit is greater and therefore the temperature increases, this period is called Summer.
When the rays arrive with the greater inclination, the energy deposited per unit area is minimal, which is why the temperature decreases, this period is called Winter.
In the periods when the axis is almost vertical we have an average absorption of energy, these two periods are called Spring and Autumn.
In conclusion, the winter season occurs when the terrestrial axis is furthest from the sun and the energy per unit of area is minimal.
Learn more about the seasons here:
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