refers to the random motions of molecules, atoms, electrons or other subatomic particles.
It is different from ordinary mechanical motion because the body moves in all manners.
The study of thermal motion is the study of the random motion of particles.
When a system absorbs heat from the surroundings or when we supply thermal energy to the system, the internal energy of the system increases. The heat absorbed increases the kinetic energy of the molecules causing them to move randomly.
The thermal motion of particles rises with the temperature of those particles and is governed by the laws of thermodynamics.
Kinetic energy exist in three basic forms: translational, vibrational and rotational.
The thermal energy of a system is directly related to the system temperature, because of this relationship the greater the molecules, the more the movement of molecules within a given system, the higher the temperature and higher the thermal energy.
Radiation is a means of heat transfer that does not depend on any interaction between the source of heat and the heated material. Thus thermal radiation is a means of transportation of energy involving the travelling of electromagnetic waves at the speed of light ( heat transfer via electromagnetic radiation).
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