The equilibrium relation allows us to find which statement is correct:
B) The balloon will shrink.
The stable equilibrium condition that the sum of forces in a system is zero
∑ F = 0
Where F is the force
Helium is a noble gas, which has a liquefaction temperature of 4.2K, therefore in almost all cases we find it in the gaseous state
The balloon is in an equilibrium between the outside atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the helium gas inside, when the temperature decreases the energy of the helium molecules decreases and has a lower speed, therefore creating a lower pressure inside, for therefore the balloon decreases its size until the pressures equalize.
Let's examine the claims
A) False. The balloon expands with increasing temperature
B) True. The balloon should contract until it equalizes the internal and external pressure
C) False. Helium gas becomes liquid at very low temperatures (4.2K)
D) False. One of the statements describes the process well
In conclusion the equilibrium relationship we can find which statement is correct:
B) The balloon will shrink.
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