Explanation:
Question 1:
It is better to use data from three or more seismic stations to find the epicenter of an earthquake because it gives a precise and accurate location better than using a lesser amount of data.
Finding epicenter of an earthquake works on the basis of triangulation.
- The intersection between three circles gives the epicenter.
- To triangulate, we simply use a radius value to draw a circle of appropriate size.
- This is the distance of the station from the earthquake.
- We know using seismograph that the first wave to arrive a point is the p-waves and the s-waves follows.
- Disparity between the time of arrival and the velocity of the wave can give us the distance the wave must have traveled.
- We take this data and draw circle of appropriate radius indicating the probable regions where the epicenter might be located.
- This is a wide and indefinite volume of space.
- Three circles using data from two more stations will give a perfect intersection.
- More stations will further improve the accuracy and then we are sure of where the epicenter is.
learn more:
Epicenter brainly.com/question/11292835
Question 2:
P and S-waves are seismic elastic waves that travels within the earth. They are usually produce when a huge vibration travels within a substance or within the earth.
After the passing of the wave, the body returns back to its original form.
P-waves:
- They are called primary waves.
- They have the fastest velocity and the are the first to be picked up at a seismic station.
- They can propagated through any material.
- These waves are longitudinal waves moving in a series of rarefaction and compression.
S-waves:
- They are secondary or shear-waves.
- They are the second to arrive seismic station.
- They cannot pass through fluids because they do not shear.
- They are transverse waves that travels perpendicular to their source.
learn more:
Earthquake brainly.com/question/6520403
Question 3:
If a seismogram from a particular seismic station shows only P-waves, one can conclude that the material is only made up of fluid materials.
- P-waves are primary waves capable of moving in any material medium.
- They are longitudinal waves that propagates parallel to their source.
- The reason why we cannot pick other seismic waves is that, s-waves cannot pass through fluids.
- S-waves are secondary or shear waves.
- Fluids cannot be sheared.
- Only solids can shear.
- Therefore, we can imply that since we see only p-waves the material is made up of only fluids.
learn more:
Seismic brainly.com/question/6520403
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It evaporates as the CO2 transitions from solid to gas form.
<span>When two electrical charges, of
opposite sign and equal magnitude, are separated by a distance, a dipole is
established. The size of a dipole is measured by its dipole moment (</span>μμ). Dipole moment is measured in Debye
units, which is equal to the distance between the charges multiplied by the
charge (1 Debye equals 3.34×10−30Cm3.34×10−30Cm). The dipole moment
of a molecule can be calculated by Equation 1.11.1:
μ = qr
where
<span>
<span>μ⃗ μ→ is the dipole moment vector</span>
<span>qiqi is the magnitude of the ithith charge, and</span>
<span>r⃗ ir→i is the vector representing the position
of ithith charge.</span>
</span>
r = μ/q
<span>r = [0.838D(3.34×10−30 C⋅m/ 1D)]/ (1.6×10−19
C) *0.124
</span>
r = 1.41 x10^-10 m
Answer:
A stalagmite is a type of rock formation that rises from the floor of a cave due to the accumulation of material deposited on the floor from ceiling drippings. Stalagmites are typically composed of calcium carbonate, but may consist of lava, mud, peat, pitch, sand, sinter and amberat.
and a stalactite means mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures such as bridges and mines. Any material that is soluble and that can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension, or is capable of being melted, may form a stalactite.