Answer:
<u>b. learning occurs independently of reinforcement</u>
Explanation:
Edward C. Tolman was one of the famous American psychologists who was best known for his research on 'cognitive maps', latent learning theory, cognitive behaviorism, and intervening variable.
According to Tolman, an individual has the capability of doing more than merely responding to certain stimuli, instead, he or she acts on attitudes, beliefs, strive towards specific goals, and a few changing conditions. He was considered as the only behaviorists who don't accept the "stimulus-response theory", as he believed that reinforcement wasn't required for learning.
In the question above, the correct answer is option-b.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The undercover agent was able to recognize the car in two different locations because she demonstrated object permanency which is also known as object constancy. She was able to acknowledge the fact that objects remain in existence even when they don't trigger our senses such as sight, hearing, touch and smell.
The law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction mass is neither created nor destroyed. For example, the carbon atom in coal becomes carbon dioxide when it is burned. The carbon atom changes from a solid structure to a gas but its mass does not change.
Class system is the distribution of scarce resources and rewards that is determined on the basis of achieved status.
True sit ins were used as a form of protest during the civil rights movement.
