Explanation:
Distinguish chemical substances from mixtures
Key Points
Matter can be broken down into two categories: pure substances and mixtures. Pure substances are further broken down into elements and compounds. Mixtures are physically combined structures that can be separated into their original components.
A chemical substance is composed of one type of atom or molecule.
A mixture is composed of different types of atoms or molecules that are not chemically bonded.
A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture of two or more chemical substances where the various components can be visually distinguished.
A homogeneous mixture is a type of mixture in which the composition is uniform and every part of the solution has the same properties.
Various separation techniques exist in order to separate matter, including include distillation, filtration, evaporation and chromatography. Matter can be in the same phase or in two different phases for this separation to take place.
Terms
substanceA form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. It is composed of one type of atom or molecule.
elementA chemical substance that is made up of a particular kind of atom and cannot be broken down or transformed by a chemical reaction.
mixtureSomething that consists of diverse, non-bonded elements or molecules.
The molar mass of the compound potassium nitrate, KNO3 is equal to 101.1032 g/mol. Then, we determine the number of moles present in the given amount,
n = 11.75g / (101.1032 g/mol) = 0.116 mol
Then, molarity is calculated by dividing the number of moles by the volume of the solution. The answer is therefore 0.058 M.
Answer:
A_________________________
Carbon is special and unique because it is able to form different compounds with a lot of elements, including itself. When it bonds with itself, this is possible because of the concept of hybridization. It is the mixing of atomic orbitals into a new hybrid orbital. In this case, methane is formed through the sp³ hybridization.
Answer:
Explanation:
An atom consist of electron, protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are present with in nucleus while the electrons are present out side the nucleus. All these three subatomic particles construct an atom.
The electron is subatomic particle that revolve around outside the nucleus and has negligible mass. It has a negative charge.
Symbol= e-
Mass= 9.10938356×10-31 Kg
It was discovered by j. j. Thomson in 1897 during the study of cathode ray properties.
While neutron and proton are present inside the nucleus. Proton has positive charge while neutron is electrically neutral. Proton is discovered by Rutherford while neutron is discovered by James Chadwick in 1932.
Symbol of proton= P+
Symbol of neutron= n0
Mass of proton=1.672623×10-27 Kg
Mass of neutron=1.674929×10-27 Kg
A neutral atom have equal number of proton and electron. In other words we can say that negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude and cancel the each other. For example if neutral atom has 6 protons than it must have 6 electrons. The sum of neutrons and protons is the mass number of an atom while the number of protons are number of electrons is the atomic number of an atom.
