Answer:
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<h2>Nucleosynthesis.</h2>
Explanation:
A. the Big Bang occurred; the Big Crunch occurred
Nucleosynthesis is the process by which new atomic nucleus are formed from pre-existing protons and neutrons.
According to cosmic theories, the nucleosythesis began one minute after the occurrence of Big bang and will end with the big Crunch.
The Big bang theory describes all the processes by which the universe came into existence while the big crunch theory explains how universe will come to an end. A
The given question is incomplete. the complete question is:
The world burns the fossil fuel equivalent of approximately
kg of petroleum per year. Assume that all of this petroleum is in the form of octane. Calculate how much CO2 in kilograms is produced by world fossil fuel combustion per year.( Hint: Begin by writing a balanced equation for the combustion of octane.)
Answer: 
Explanation:
Combustion is a chemical reaction in which hydrocarbons are burnt in the presence of oxygen to give carbon dioxide and water.
According to the law of conservation of mass, mass can neither be created nor be destroyed. Thus the mass of products has to be equal to the mass of reactants. The number of atoms of each element has to be same on reactant and product side. Thus chemical equations are balanced.

To calculate the moles :

According to stoichiometry :
As 2 moles of octane give = 16 moles of 
Thus
of octane give =
of 
Mass of 
Thus
of
is produced by world fossil fuel combustion per year.
Fe + 3NaBr → FeBr3 + 3Na
The Na is replaced by the Fe atom.