IPSPs are the result of:
a. decreasing membrane conductance to sodium
b. decreasing membrane conductance to potassium
c. inhibitory neurotransmitter entering the postsynaptic cell
d. neurotransmitter binding to ligand-gated ion channels that are chloride selective
Answer:
d. neurotransmitter binding to ligand-gated ion channels that are chloride selective
Explanation:
IPSP refers to inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). It occurs when the neurotransmitters released from the axon terminals of the presynaptic neurons bind to and open the chloride ion channels. This allows the entry of chloride ions into the neuron making the inside of the membrane even more negative. This does not allow firing of the action potential. The postsynaptic neuron is said to be hyperpolarized. Therefore, IPSP results from hyperpolarization of postsynaptic neurons by the opening of ion channels such as chloride channels.
It be like that sometimes
Answer:
Undergrowth of water plants hypoxia
Low levels of oxygen.
Explanation:
Eutrophication occur when lake or river has adequate nutrients that will encourage the growth of water plants i.e algae which lead to the depletion of dissolved oxygen in the lake. The growth of algae is increased due to availability of carbondioxide or phosphorus or nutrients required for photosynthesis. This result in tainted drinking water,hypoxia and degradation of recreational activities.
<span>The most obvious change due to seasonal variation is the change from summer to winter. Some animals migrate to other parts of the world, such as migratory birds. Many animals in colder climates hibernate. In both cases, the absence of these animals leads to a gap in the ecosystem. In regions with highly seasonal rainfall, the low rainfall season can lead to low flows in rivers, and a reduction of certain habitats for some aquatic organisms, such as beaver or aquatic insects.</span>
Golgi apparatus ,it is like a mailman
hope this helps :)
