Answer: As per the question, a ray of light is incident on a surface and it is partly reflected and refracted. The incident light is an unpolarised light. The reflected light is partially polarised.
If the angle of incidence becomes equal to the Brester angle (polarising angle), then the reflected light is completely plane polarised.
Answer:
From the formula of force:

since AB and k are constants:

x is a constant of proportionality
• when force is 4N, separation distance is 1

therefore, equation becomes

when r is doubled, r becomes 2. find F:

Answer:
∆h = 0.071 m
Explanation:
I rename angle (θ) = angle(α)
First we are going to write two important equations to solve this problem :
Vy(t) and y(t)
We start by decomposing the speed in the direction ''y''


Vy in this problem will follow this equation =

where g is the gravity acceleration

This is equation (1)
For Y(t) :

We suppose yi = 0

This is equation (2)
We need the time in which Vy = 0 m/s so we use (1)

So in t = 0.675 s → Vy = 0. Now we calculate the y in which this happen using (2)

2.236 m is the maximum height from the shell (in which Vy=0 m/s)
Let's calculate now the height for t = 0.555 s

The height asked is
∆h = 2.236 m - 2.165 m = 0.071 m
The first question would be A
The second would be either A or D
Answer:
Magnification of the objective lens used and the magnification of the ocular lens.
Explanation: I hope you have/had an amazing day today<3