Question

5. a. What technology produced the results illustrated here, and what is this

Answer 1

The technology that was used to produce the results illustrated in the image is gel electrophoresis and it is used for separating deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragments.

Gel electrophoresis can be defined as a technology that is used in the laboratory for the separation of mixtures of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA) or other macromolecules such as proteins based on molecular size and charge.

In gel electrophoresis, an electric current is applied to the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples so as to create fragments that can be used to compare the various samples of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

The steps involved in gel electrophoresis include the following:

• Extraction of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

• DNA isolation and amplification.

• Addition of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to the gel wells.

• Application of an electric current to the gel.

• The separation of DNA bands based on molecular size and charge.

• Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) bands are stained.

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