Answer:
There are no options to this question, however, it can be answered. The answers to the blank spaces are:
1. Fatty Acids
2. A decrease in the rate of lipid breakdown
Explanation:
Lipids are large biomolecules that are formed from monomeric units called FATTY ACIDS. Digestive enzymes such as lipase as described in this question breaks down lipids into its monomer called FATTY ACIDS. 
However, enzymes are proteinous molecules, meaning they are subject to denaturation when exposed to adverse conditions such as heat. According to this question, the scientist heats the enzymes and finds that it can't bind onto the lipids anymore because it has been DENATURED. This situation will result in the DECREASE IN THE RATE OF LIPID BREAKDOWN because the enzyme in charge is no longer functional. 
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Its called as Spawning...Hope this helps 
        
             
        
        
        
The answer is long
The bone indicated by the arrow is femur bone. It should be classified as the long bone. Other example for long bones would be tibia and fibula. Short bone would be carpal or tarsal bones. Flat bone could be found in skull. Irregular bone would be the vertebrae or pelvic.