The pulley is a simple machine that reduces the effort required to perform
work.
The correct responses are;
Reasons:
<em>The probable diagram of the pulley in the question, obtained from a similar </em>
<em>question posted online is attached</em>.
The attached weight to the pulley, = 262 Newton
Height to which the weight is to be raised, h = 3.00 m
(a) The magnitude of the force needed to pull on the rope to move the
weight upwards with a constant velocity is given as follows;
Force to pull rope, F = Tension in the rope, T
The weight is shared equally by the two parts of the rope holding the
pulley attached to the weight.
= 2 × T
Therefore;
262 N = 2 × T
T = 262 N ÷ 2 = 131 N
- The force for pulling the rope at constant velocity, F = T = <u>131 N</u>
(b) The mechanical advantage of a simple pulley system is given by the
number of ropes that are supporting the weight (load).
The number of ropes supporting the weight = 2 ropes
Therefore;
- The mechanical advantage of the pulley system, M.A. = <u>2</u>
(c) Raising the weight 3 meters, is such that the length of the two sides of
the rope holding the pulley attached to the weight are reduced by 3
meters relative to top pulley, therefore;
Change in length of rope attached to the weight = The distance the end of the rope is moved
Change in length of the rope attached to the weight = 2 × 3 m = 6 m
Therefore;
- The distance rope is moved at the rope end, d = <u>6 meters</u>
(d) Work done, W = Force of pulling, F × Distance of pulling, d
Therefore;
- The work done in pulling, W = 131 N × 6 m = <u>786 J</u>
(e) Work done on weight, W = Force applied to weight, × Distance moved by weight, h
Therefore;
- W = 262 N × 3.00 meters = <u>786 Joules</u>
Learn more about pulleys here:
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