Explanation:
Relation between pressure, latent heat of fusion, and change in volume is as follows.
Also, 
where, 
is the difference in specific volumes.
Hence, 
As, 
= 22.0 J/mol K
And, 
...... (1)
where, 
= density of water
= density of ice
M = molar mass of water = 
Therefore, using formula in equation (1) we will calculate the volume of fusion as follows.
= 
= 
Therefore, calculate the required pressure as follows.
= 
or, = 145 bar/K
Hence, for change of 1 degree pressure the decrease is 145 bar and for 4.7 degree change dP = 
= 681.5 bar
Thus, we can conclude that pressure should be increased by 681.5 bar to cause 4.7 degree change in melting point.
Here we have to draw the mechanism of the reduction reaction between benzaldehyde and sodium borodeuteride to form the corresponding alcohol.
The reducing agent sodium borodeuteride can reduce the aldehydes to its corresponding alcohol. The reaction mechanism is shown in the attached image.
The reaction mechanism can be explained as-
The sodium borodeuteride is highly ionic in nature thus it remains as Na⁺ and BD₄⁻ The deuterium atom of BD₄⁻ attack the carbonyl carbon atom and substitute one of its deuterium as shown in the figure.
One molecule of sodium borodeuteride can reduce four molecules of benzaldehyde. The polar solvent like alcohol donates the proton as shown in the mechanism.
The converted alcohol contains the deuterium atom at the -C center. Thus benzaldehyde is converted to deuteroted benzyl alcohol.
Answer:
Density, solubility, melting point, boiling point, polarity, etc.
Density - Mass divided by volume = density (scale and beaker can be used)
Boiling point- Can be determined by the capillary method (where an inverted capillary is put in the liquid you’re finding out for and the liquid is heated)
⁴⁰Ar
N(e)=18
N(p)=18
N(n)=40-18=22
⁴⁰K
N(e)=19
N(p)=19
N9n)=40-19=21
⁴⁰Ca
N(e)=20
N(p)=20
N(n)=40-20=20
Solid is the answer.
When matter is in its solid state, its molecules are more rigid and move less. they are also more resistant to changes in shape. Think of water in its solid form, ice. Ice is much harder to change the shape of than liquid water, and is much more rigid in its structure.
