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Likurg_2 [28]
2 years ago
8

State, in terms of electrons, why the radius of Na+ ion in the table salt is smaller than the radius of a Na atom.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Anastaziya [24]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

• The Na atom is formed when the Na+ ion gains an electron.

• A Na+ ion has 10 electrons and a Na atom has 11 electrons.

• A sodium atom has one more electron shell than a sodium ion.

• A Na+ ion is formed when a Na atom loses an electron

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A 0.04328 g sample of gas occupies 10.0-mL at 294.0 K and 1.10 atm. Upon further analysis, the compound is found to be 25.305% C
stepan [7]

Answer:

<u>The molecular formula of the gas sample = C_2Cl_2 </u>

<u>Lewis structure is shown in the image below.</u>

<u>The geometry around each carbon atom is linear.</u>

Explanation:

Given that:

Temperature = 294.0 K

V = 10.0 mL = 0.01 L ( 1 mL = 0.001 L )

Pressure = 1.10 atm

Using ideal gas equation as:

PV=nRT

where,  

P is the pressure

V is the volume

n is the number of moles

T is the temperature  

R is Gas constant having value = 0.0821 L atm/ K mol  

Applying the equation as:

1.10 atm × 0.01 L = n ×0.0821 L atm/ K mol  × 294.0 K  

⇒n = 0.0004557 mol

Given, mass = 0.04328 g

The formula for the calculation of moles is shown below:

moles = \frac{Mass\ taken}{Molar\ mass}

Thus,

0.0004557\ mole= \frac{0.04328\ g}{Molar\ mass}

<u>Molar mass of the gas sample = 94.9747 g/mol</u>

Given that:-

% of C = 25.305

Molar mass of C = 12.0107 g/mol

% moles of C = 25.305 / 12.0107 = 2.1069

% of Cl = 74.695

Molar mass of Cl = 35.453 g/mol

% moles of Cl = 74.695 / 35.453 = 2.1069

Taking the simplest ratio for C and Cl as:

2.1069 : 2.1069  = 1 : 1

<u>The empirical formula is = CCl</u>

Molecular formulas is the actual number of atoms of each element in the compound while empirical formulas is the simplest or reduced ratio of the elements in the compound.

Thus,  

Molecular mass = n × Empirical mass

Where, n is any positive number from 1, 2, 3...

Mass from the Empirical formula = 12 + 35.5 = 47.5 g/mol

Molar mass = 94.9747 g/mol

So,  

Molecular mass = n × Empirical mass

94.9747 = n × 47.5

⇒ n = 2

<u>The molecular formula of the gas sample = C_2Cl_2 </u>

Also,

Valence electrons of carbon = 4

Valence electrons of Chlorine = 7  

The total number of the valence electrons  = 4*2 + 7*2 = 22

The Lewis structure is drawn in such a way that the octet of each atom in the molecule is complete. So,  

The Lewis structure is shown in the image below.

According to the theory, the atoms will form a geometry in such a way that there is minimum repulsion and maximum stability.  The carbon atoms are sp hybridized.

<u>So, it is of linear shape.</u>

3 0
3 years ago
Which term is defined as the change in the direction of light when it goes from one medium into a different medium?
vovikov84 [41]
The term defined as the change in direction of light when it goes from one medium into a different medium is refraction.

Refraction is the change of direction on the propagation of a beam of light when it passes from a medium to other; this only happens when the light travels at different speeds in both media.

When a beam of light that travels in the air incedes in a slab of glass, part of the beam is reflected (bounces) and part is refracted (it penetrates in the glass and changes the angle).


Also,due to the different speeds of light in air and water, when a beam of light passes from air to water, it refracts.
 
7 0
3 years ago
Balance the chemical equation. Based on the equation, how many grams of chlorine are produced when the sodium chloride decompose
aliina [53]

Answer:

Answer is in the photo

Explanation:

Have a nice day and if the photo isn’t visible let me know! :)

5 0
3 years ago
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Samuel adds a teaspoon of salt to a glass of water. He notices that the salt disappears. Samuel takes a sip to discover that the
Vera_Pavlovna [14]

Answer:

B

Explanation:

B It’s a physical change because the water and the salt kept their original properties.

4 0
3 years ago
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Hot water deep within earth can _______ minerals and transport them someplace else.
Vedmedyk [2.9K]

Answer:

Dissolve

Hope this helps!

Explanation:

5 0
2 years ago
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