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2 years ago

10. What do you think the effect is of jet airplanes on global warming?

Physics

1 answer:

grandymaker [24]2 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Like other emissions resulting from fossil fuel combustion, aircraft engines produce gases, noise, and particulates, raising environmental concerns over their global effects and their effects on local air quality.[2]Jet airliners contribute to climate change by emitting carbon dioxide (CO2), the best understood greenhouse gas, and, with less scientific understanding, nitrogen oxides, contrails and particulates. Their radiative forcing is estimated at 1.3–1.4 that of CO2 alone, excluding induced cirrus cloud with a very low level of scientific understanding. In 2018, global commercial operations generated 2.4% of all CO2 emissions.

Between 1940 and 2018, aviation CO2 emissions grew from 0.7% to 2.65% of all CO2 emissions.[1]

Jet airliners have become 70% more fuel efficient between 1967 and 2007, and CO2 emissions per Revenue Ton-kilometer (RTK) in 2018 were 47% of those in 1990. In 2018, CO2 emissions averaged 88 grams of CO2 per revenue passenger per km. While the aviation industry is more fuel efficient, overall emissions have risen as the volume of air travel has increased. By 2020, aviation emissions were 70% higher than in 2005 and they could grow by 300% by 2050.

Aircraft noise pollution disrupts sleep, children's education and could increase cardiovascular risk. Airports can generate water pollution due to their extensive handling of jet fuel and deicing chemicals if not contained, contaminating nearby water bodies. Aviation activities emit ozone and ultrafine particles, both of which are health hazards. Piston engines used in general aviation burn Avgas, releasing toxic lead.

Aviation's environmental footprint can be reduced by better fuel economy in aircraft or Air Traffic Control and flight routes can be optimised to lower non-CO2 effects on climate from NO

x, particulates or contrails. Aviation biofuel, emissions trading and carbon offsetting, part of the ICAO's CORSIA, can lower CO2 emissions. Aviation usage can be lowered by short-haul flight bans, train connections, personal choices and aviation taxation and subsidies. Fuel-powered aircraft may be replaced by hybrid electric aircraft and electric aircraft or by hydrogen-powered aircraft.

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Ana wonders how light can affect a mystery material. The table below shows what happens when different types of light hit the my

vivado [14]

The light can definitely change the mystery material. This can occur through a change in temperature or color (option C).

A material is affected by light mainly if the material absorbs the light. Based on the chart, we know this mystery material can absorb two types of light:

Red light.
Yellow light.

Moreover, this phenomenon can lead to two main changes:

Change in temperature: Light affects materials by increasing their temperature of these. A common example is the way the temperature of an object increases if it is exposed to sunlight.
Change in color: Some materials react to light by changing their color.

Based on this, the material can change its color or temperature.

Note: This question is incomplete; here is the missing part:

A. Yes, but the mystery material can change in only one way, such as by getting warm, because all the light that a material absorbs will affect that material in the same way.

B. No. The mystery material can’t change because the light is not a physical thing. Light cannot change physical things like the mystery material.

C. Yes and the mystery material can change in one or two different ways, such as by getting warm and/or changing color, because different types of light can cause different changes to a material when they are absorbed.

D. There is no way to know whether the mystery material will change or not.

Learn more about sunlight in: brainly.com/question/1603783

3 0

2 years ago

Two electric charges, held a distance, dd, apart experience an electric force of magnitude, FF, between them. If one of the char

lorasvet [3.4K]

Answer:

$F'=2F$

Explanation:

The Coulomb's law states that the magnitude of the electrostatic force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them:

$F=\frac{kq_1q_2}{d^2}$

In this case, we have $q_1'=2q_1$ :

$F'=\frac{kq'_1q_2}{d^2}\\F'=\frac{k(2q_1)q_2}{d^2}\\F'=2\frac{kq_1q_2}{d^2}\\F'=2F$

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3 years ago

A helicopter has blades of length 4.0 m rotating at 3.0 rev/s in a horizontal plane.If the vertical component of the Earth’s mag

VARVARA [1.3K]

Answer:

Induced emf, $\epsilon=9.79\times 10^7\ volts$

Explanation:

Given that,

Length of the helicopter, l = 4 m

Angular speed of the helicopter, $\omega=3\ rev/s=18.84\ rad/s$

The vertical component of the Earth’s magnetic field is, $B=6.5\times 10^5\ T$

We need to find the induced emf between the tip of a blade and the hub. The induced emf in terms of angular velocity of an rotating object is given by :

$\epsilon=\dfrac{1}{2}B\omega l^2$

$\epsilon=\dfrac{1}{2}\times 6.5\times 10^5\times 18.84\times (4)^2$

$\epsilon=9.79\times 10^7\ volts$

So, the induced emf between the tip of a blade and the hub is $\epsilon=9.79\times 10^7\ volts$ . Hence, this is the required solution.

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3 years ago

When using a calorimeter, the initial temperature of a metal is 70.4C. The initial temperature of the water is 23.6C. At the end

Sunny_sXe [5.5K]

1) 29.8 C

At the beginning, the metal is at higher temperature (70.4 C) while the water is at lower temperature (23.6 C). When they are put in contact, the metal transfers heat to the water, until they reach thermal equilibrium: at thermal equilibrium the two objects (the metal and the water have same temperature). Therefore, since the temperature of the water at thermal equilibrium is 29.8 C, the final temperature of the metal must be the same (29.8 C).

2) 6.2 C

The temperature change of the water is given by the difference between its final temperature and its initial temperature:

$\Delta T = T_f - T_i$