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2 years ago

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Chemistry

1 answer:

Katarina [22]2 years ago

5 0

Answer:

21 Moles of Carbon is reacted

Explanation:

According to Balanced Chemical Equation, 2 moles of Hydrogen reacts with 3 moles of Carbon. Hence, for 14 moles of Hydrogen,

= (3 C × 14 H₂) ÷ 2 H₂

= 21 Moles of C

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1. Household bleach (NaOCl) is really a solution of sodium hypochlorite in water. It is made by reacting chlorine gas and sodium

Sergio039 [100]

This is a three-part question

Answers:

a) The oxidation number of chlorine in bleach (NaOCl) is +1.

b) Yes, this is a redox reaction

c) The percen yield is 56.8%

Explanation:

1) Part (a) What is the oxidation number of chlorine in bleach (NaOCl)? 

a) Rule one: In a neutral compound the sum of the oxidation states is zero.

Since NaOCl is a neutral compound the sum of the oxidation states of Na, O and Cl is 0.

b) Rule two: since Na is an alkaline metal, its oxidation state is +1

c) Rule three: the most common state of oxygen, except in peroxides, is -2.

Then,

Na: +1
O: -2
Cl: x

Sum = +1 - 2 + x = 0 ⇒ x = 2 - 1 = 1

Conclusion: the oxidation state of NaOCl is +1.

2) Part (b) Is this reaction above redox?

In a redox reaction the oxidation states of some substances increase (get oxidized) and the oxidation states of some substances decrease (get reduced).

The reaction is represented by the chemical equation given:

NaOH (aq) + Cl₂ (g) → NaOCl (aq) + NaCl (aq) + H₂O (l)

Since the chlorine gas (Cl₂) is a molecule of only chlorine atoms, its oxidation state is zero, and since chlorine is forming compounds on the right side (NaOCl and NaCl) you can immediately conclude that the oxidation state of chlorine changed, and this is a redox reaction.

In fact:

Oxidation state of Cl in Cl₂: 0

Oxidation state of Cl in NaOCl: +1 (previously determined)

Oxidation state of Cl in NaCl: -1 (becasue Na has oxidation state +1 and so +1 - 1 = 0).

Therefore, chlorine is being oxidized (its oxidation state increases from 0 to +1) and is also being reduced (its oxidation state is reduced from 0 to -1), and this is a redox reaction.

3) Part (c) What is the percent yield of this reaction?

a) Chemical equation (given)

NaOH (aq) + Cl₂ (g) → NaOCl (aq) + NaCl (aq) + H₂O (l)

b) Theoretical mole ratio:

2 mol Cl₂ (g) : 1 mol NaOCl (aq)

c) Convert 83.0 g of chlorine gas to moles:

moles = mass in grams / molar mass

molar mass of Cl₂(g) = 79.906 g/mol

moles = 83.0 g / 79.906 g/mol = 1.039 mol Cl₂(g)

d) Determine the theoretical yiedl using proportions:

x / 1.039 mol Cl₂ (g) = 1 mol NaOCl / 2 mol Cl₂ (g)

⇒ x = 0.5195 mol NaOCl

e) Convert 0.5195 mol NaOCl to grams:

molar mass NaOCl = 22.99 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol + 35.453 g/mol = 74.443 g/mol

mass = number of mol × molar mass = 0.5195 mol × 74.443 g/mol = 38.67 g

That must be rounded to 3 significant figures (such as the mass of belach is given: 22.0 g)

Theoretical yiedl of NaOCl = 38.7 g

f) Calculate the percent yiled:

Percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100

Percent yield = (22.0 g / 38.7 g) × 100 = 56.8%

5 0

3 years ago

3. Starch is classified as a

tankabanditka [31]

Answer:

Explanation:

Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. Three important polysaccharides, starch, glycogen, and cellulose, are composed of glucose. Starch and glycogen serve as short-term energy stores in plants and animals, respectively. The glucose monomers are linked by α glycosidic bonds.

4 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

You have 4.72x10^25 atoms of a substance with MW of 136.94 g/mol How many moles do you have

slega [8]

Number of moles = 78.41

<h3>Further explanation </h3>

The mole is the number of particles(molecules, atoms, ions) contained in a substance

1 mol = 6.02.10²³ particles

Can be formulated

N=n x No

N = number of particles

n = mol

No = Avogadro's = 6.02.10²³

4.72 x 10²⁵ atoms of a substance, then moles :

$\tt n=\dfrac{N}{No}\\\\n=\dfrac{4.72\times 10^{25}}{6.02\times 10^{23}}\\\\n=78.41$

4 0

3 years ago

Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide. Instead of melting, solid carbon dioxide sublimes according to the equation: CO2(s)→CO2(g). Whe

MA_775_DIABLO [31]

Answer:

6.82 kg

Explanation:

Given that the amount of water is 15L and we know that the density of water is ≈ 1kg/L. The mass of water is given by mass = volume x density, i.e,

mass = 15 x 1 = 15 kg. Also the specific heat capacity of water is 4.186 KJ/kg.

The sublimation enthalpy of dry ice is 571 KJ/kg.

Now, the amount of heat lost by water is entirely used up for the sublimation (conversion from soild to gas) of dry ice. And the heat (Q) lost by water is given as : Q = mCΔT, where m is the mass of water, C the specific heat capacity of water and ΔT the change in temperature.

Here, Q = 15 x 4.186 x (90 - 28) = 3892.98 KJ.

This amount of heat is taken up by the dry ice for its sublimation. Also the energy taken by dry ice (Q') for its sublimation is given by: Q' = m'L', where m' is the mass of dry ice, L' is the latent heat of sublimation (i.e, the amount of heat required per kg of a substance to sublime) of dry ice amd L' = 571 KJ/kg.

Now, Q' =m'L' = heat lost by water = 3892.98KJ.

And, m'L' = m' x 571 KJ/kg = 3892.98 KJ. (Dividing with 571)

Therefore, m' = 6.82 kg.

6 0

3 years ago

The crystal structure of an ionic compound depends on the

Murljashka [212]

Answer:

The ion's sizes and their radius ratio.

Explanation:

Ionic compounds take the form of three dimentional arrays by alternating anions and cations in order to minimize the potential energy of the system by maximizing the attractive force between opposite charges.

The resultant geometric structures are known as crystal lattices and their arrangements depend on the ion's sizes and, since they are bound though electrostatic attraction, their radius ratio.

I hope you find this information useful and interesting! Good luck!

4 0

3 years ago