Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid or vitamin B3, is a vitamin whose derivatives NAD, NADH, NAD+, and NADP play essential roles in energy metabolism in the living cell and DNA repair. The designation vitamin B3, whose chemical formula is C5H4NCOOH (or alternatively, C6H6NO2), also includes the corresponding amide nicotinamide, or niacinamide, whose chemical formula is C6H6N2O.
Niacin is one of the B vitamins (vitamin B complex), a group of chemically distinct, water-soluble vitamins that also includes thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, biotin, pyridoxine, folic acid, and others. Once considered to be a single vitamin, vitamin B is now seen as a complex of different vitamins that generally are found in the same foods. Vitamins are organic (carbon-containing) nutrients obtained through the diet and essential in small amounts for normal metabolic reactions.
The conversion of niacin to NAD and NADP, and the use of these coenzymes in intricate biological processes like the citric acid cycle, reveals the complex coordination in living organisms.
Answer:
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Explanation:
puberty is the period during which adolescents reach sexual maturity and become capable of reproduction.
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Answer:
True.
Explanation:
Stage 1 of NREM sleep is characterized by a low amplitude EEG, mixed frequency between range a and s (2 to 7Hz). EMG activity is usually higher than at other stages of sleep, but amplitude can vary widely. Stage 2 of NREM sleep is recognized by background activity and episodes of sleep spindles and K-complexes. Sleep spindles are short (12 to 14 Hz) waves that increase and decrease in amplitude to produce a spindle characteristic. Stage 3 NREM sleep is classified when slow waves or d waves (£ 2Hz) and high amplitude greater than 75mV (measured from lowest to highest wave - peak to peak) appear at 20 to 50% of the time of the day. record. Stage 4 NREM sleep is similar for EEG, EMG, and EOG from the previous stage; however, stage 4 is characterized by the presence of d waves in more than 50% of the time.
Accordingly, we can conclude that going through the NREM stages (1 to 4), the frequency of EEG waves decreases but their amplitude increases.
Explanation: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, there is one birth every eight seconds in the United States, or about 10,800 births per day. Worldwide, approximately 350,000 to 400,000 people are born daily on average.
