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Alexandra [31]
3 years ago
11

The molecular formula for butane is C4H10. Determine the percent composition for

Chemistry
1 answer:
masya89 [10]3 years ago
4 0

%Mass

Ar C = 12 g/mol, Mr C₄H₁₀ = 58 g/mol, Ar H = 1 g/mol

\tt C=\dfrac{4.12}{58}\times 100\%=82.8\%\\\\H=100\%-82.8\%=17.2\%

or

\tt H=\dfrac{10.1}{58}\times 100\%= 17.2\%

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Given K = 3.61 at 45°C for the reaction A(g) + B(g) equilibrium reaction arrow C(g) and K = 7.19 at 45°C for the reaction 2 A(g)
Firlakuza [10]

Answer:

K = 0.55

Kp = 0.55

mol fraction B = 0.27

Explanation:

We need to calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction:

C(g) + D(g) ⇄ 2B(g)              K₁= ?                       (1)

and we are given the following equilibria with their respective Ks

A(g) + B(g) ⇄ C(g)                 K₂= 3.61                 (2)

2 A(g) + D(g)  ⇄ C(g)             K₃= 7.19                 (3)

all at 45 ºC.

What we need to do to solve this question is to manipulate equations (2) and (3)  algebraically  to get our desired equilibrium (1).

We are allowed to reverse  reactions, in that case we take the reciprocal of K as our new K' ; we can also  add two equilibria together, and the new equilibrium constant will be the product of their respective Ks .

Finally if we multiply by a number then we raise the old constant to that factor to get the new equilibrium constant.

With all this  in mind, lets try to solve our question.

Notice A is not in our goal equilibrium (3)  and we want D as a reactant . That  suggests we should reverse the first equilibria and multiply it by two since we have 2 moles of B  as product in our  equilibrium (1) . Finally we would add (2) and (3) to get  (1) which is our final  goal.

2C(g)             ⇄  2A(g) + 2B(g)  K₂´= ( 1/ 3.61 )²  

                                   ₊

2 A(g) + D(g)  ⇄     C(g)               K₃ = 7.19  

<u>                                                                                    </u>

C(g) + D(g)     ⇄    2B(g)       K₁ = ( 1/ 3.61 )²   x  7.19

                                             K₁ = 0.55

Kp is the same as K = 0.55 since the equilibrium constant expression only involves  gases.

To compute the last part lets setup the following mnemonic  ICE table to determine the quantities at equilibrium:

pressure (atm)        C             D           B

initial                     1.64          1.64         0

change                    -x             -x        +2x

equilibrium          1.64-x         1.64-       2x

Thus since

Kp =0.55 = pB²/ (pC x pD) = (2x)²/ (1.64 -x)²  where p= partial pressure

Taking square root to both sides of the equation we have

√0.55 = 2x/(1.64 - x)

solving for x  we obtain a value of 0.44 atm.

Thus at equilibrium we have:

(1.64 - 0.44) atm = 1.20 atm = pC = p D

2(0.44) = 0.88 = pB

mole fraction of B = partial pressure of B divided into the total gas pressure:

X(B) = 0.88 / ( 1.20 + 1.20 + 0.88 ) = 0.27

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4 0
3 years ago
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Calculate the heat energy required to melt 4kg of ice when the specific latent heat of fusion of water is 334,000 J/kg.
Setler79 [48]

Taking into account the definition of calorimetry and latent heat, the heat energy required to melt 4 kg of ice when the specific latent heat of fusion of water is 334,000 \frac{J}{kg} is 1,336 kJ.

<h3>Calorimetry</h3>

Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.

<h3>Latent heat</h3>

Latent heat is defined as the energy required by a quantity of substance to change state.

When this change consists of changing from a solid to a liquid phase, it is called heat of fusion and when the change occurs from a liquid to a gaseous state, it is called heat of vaporization.

The heat Q that is necessary to provide for a mass m of a certain substance to change phase is equal to

Q = m×L

where L is called the latent heat of the substance and depends on the type of phase change.

<h3>Heat energy required to melt ice</h3>

In this case, you know:

  • m= 4 kg
  • L= specific latent heat of fusion of water= 334,000 \frac{J}{kg}

Replacing in the expression for latent heat:

Q = 4 kg× 334,000 \frac{J}{kg}

Solving:

<u><em>Q= 1,336,000 J= 1,336 kJ </em></u>(being 1,000 J= 1 kJ)

Finally, the correct answer is the first option: the heat energy required to melt 4 kg of ice when the specific latent heat of fusion of water is 334,000 \frac{J}{kg} is 1,336 kJ.

Learn more about calorimetry:

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7 0
2 years ago
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uysha [10]
The best answer for this question would be B
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3 years ago
A solution of acetic acid, CH3CO₂H(aq), is at equilibrium. How would the
s344n2d4d5 [400]

If more acetic acid were added to a solution at equilibrium, [H⁺] and [CH₃CO₂⁻] would increase to counteract the perturbation. (Option C)

<h3>How do systems at equilibrium respond to perturbation?</h3>

When a system at equilibrium suffers a perturbation, it shifts its equilibrium position to counteract such perturbation.

Let's consider a solution of acetic acid at equilibrium.

CH₃CO₂H(aq) = CH₃CO₂⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq)

If more acetic acid were added to the solution, the system will shift toward the products to counteract such an increase.

How would the system change if more acetic acid were added to the solution?

A. [H⁺] would decrease and [CH₃CO₂⁻] would increase. NO.

B. [H⁺] and [CH₃CO₂⁻] would decrease. NO.

C. [H⁺] and [CH₃CO₂⁻] would increase. YES. Both products would increase.

D. [H⁺] would increase and [CH₃CO₂⁻] would decrease. NO.

If more acetic acid were added to a solution at equilibrium, [H⁺] and [CH₃CO₂⁻] would increase to counteract the perturbation.

Learn more about equilibrium here: brainly.com/question/2943338

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