Magnetism is a class of physical phenomena that are mediated by magnetic fields. Electric currents and the magnetic moments of elementary particles give rise to a magnetic field, which acts on other currents and magnetic moments.The Earth's magnetic field is somewhat caused by the composition of the earth's core which is rich in iron minerals. There is a solid inner core that is made of iron which makes up to 2/3 of the moon's size. The charged metal of the iron produces electric currents, consequently resulting to Earth's magnetic field.
Answer:
Steps recommended to patient for reducing the risk of developing a fungal infection of toenails are regarding to their hygiene, footwear and medications.
Explanation:
- Avoid borrowing someone else's shoes or sharing socks or towels with someone who has toenail fungus.
- An orthotic device can be used to add cushioning and/or control over-pronation, support the longitudinal arch, and reduce stress on the lower leg muscles.
- Wash your feet regularly, and dry them thoroughly when they get wet.
- Keep toenails trimmed, and be sure to disinfect any pedicure tools before using them.
- If there is any toenail fungus, see your foot doctor. The doctor might remove as much of the nail as possible by trimming, filing or dissolving it.
- Medicated nail polish might be prescribed for a localized infection, but a serious infection will likely be treated with a prescription oral antifungal medication
Answer:
Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect only bacteria and do not infect mammalian or plant cells. Phages are ubiquitous in the environment. Phages or bacteriophages were chosen as a model system for their simplicity, as they only contained protein-coated nucleic acid. Alfred D. Hershey and Martha Chase (who were part of the bacteriophage group) in 1952 studying the infection of the bacterium Escherichia coli by the T2 phage show that the information definitely resides in the DNA. They used phage with either [32P] -labeled DNA or [35S] -labeled proteins to infect the bacteria. Immediately afterwards, they centrifuged the sample so that the infected bacteria remain in the pellet and the virus capsids (proteins) remain in the supernatant. [35S] is found in the supernatant, whereas [32P] is found in bacteria. After one cycle of infection, it was observed that when phage labeled in the [35S] proteins were used, only 1% of the radioactivity was incorporated into the progeny. But when phages were [32P] labeled, more than 30% of the radioactivity was in the progeny. They showed directly that what is transmitted from one progeny to another is the DNA and not the proteins, despite having first "diluted" in a bacterium.
Explanation:
Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria in a specific way. Bacteriophages, like other known viruses, are found in an intermediate zone between living organisms and inert matter. Bacteriophages bind to the host pathogenic bacterium, introduce their genetic material, replicate inside it and destroy it. Hersey, along with his assistant Martha Chase, used phages because they knew that T2 phages were made up of 50% proteins and 50% nucleic acids and that phages entered bacteria and reproduced. As the progeny carried the same infection traits, the genetic material of this had to be transmitted to the offspring, but the mechanism was unknown. These scientists carried out an experimental work with the T2 virus, a bacteriophage that infects the bacterium Escherichia coli, which it reproduces by attaching itself to the outer wall of the bacterium, injecting its DNA into it where it replicates and directs the synthesis of the phage's own proteins. Phage DNA is encapsulated within proteins and produces phages, which lyse or disrupt the cell and release phage from progeny. They infected a culture of bacteria with radioactively labeled phages: the protein coat with sulfur (35S) and its DNA with phosphorus (32P). After infection, they separated the phages from the bacteria by violent shaking using a mixer (hence the name of the experiment). By centrifugation the much smaller phages remained in the supernatant and the much larger bacteria in the pellet. 85% of the radioactivity corresponding to DNA appeared in the pellet and 82% of the protein in the supernatant. This result supported the idea that DNA was the only component of the bacteriophage that penetrated the interior of the bacteria and, having the ability to form new phages, constituted the genetic material.
Answer:
Synergism
Explanation:
Synergism means cooperation, and is a term of Greek origin (synergy). Synergy is a work or effort to accomplish a certain very complex task, and to be able to succeed in the end. Synergy is the moment when the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
In physiology, synergism occurs when the effect of two or more combined chemical agents is greater than the sum of individual effects. Concerning hormones, synergism happens when two hormones must be present for the full expression of an effect. That is, two hormones act for a certain purpose.
Example: FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and estrogen cause oocyte maturation, but this only occurs if neither acts in isolation.
Hello there!
The answer is Mutation.
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