The precipitate is the barium sulfate, or 3) BaSO4. This is because it is a solid (as seen by the (s)), unlike the other aqueous product. The fact that it is a solid means that it is insoluble in water and therefore a precipitate.
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True.
A zero on the Kelvin temperature scale is also know as Absolute Zero because that is when the atom(s) have literally no kinetic energy.
D, all notebooks would hit the floor at the same time. The time it takes to hit the floor is independent of their weight, but rather dependent on the acceleration of gravity. Since gravity is constant, they will all hit the floor at the same time.