Answers:
1. B.)
2. Both A.) and B.)
3. A.)
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Ions in gas phase
A plasma is a gas consisting of electrons and positively charged ions.
Because the particles are ions and electrons, rather than neutral atoms or molecules as in ordinary gases, scientists consider a plasma to be a fourth state of matter<em>.</em>
2. Kinetic Molecular Theory
Both activities illustrate the postulate.
A.) If the particles are extremely small and far apart, most of the volume of a gas is empty space. That's why it's easy to push the plunger of a capped nozzle syringe containing a gas.
B.) If the particles are far apart, it's easy for a coloured gas to spread into an inverted jar placed on top of a jar containing the gas.
3. Hot air balloon
The high temperature in the balloon makes the gas molecules spread apart according to Charles's law, because this law describes how a gas will behave at constant pressure.
As the hot air escapes from the vent, the combined mass of balloon + hot air becomes less than the mass of cold air that it displaces, and the balloon rises.
B.) is <em>wrong</em>. Boyle's law applies only when both the number of moles and the temperature remain constant.
Answer:
Molecules that will have dipole-dipole forces with like molecules include the water (H2O) molecule. Another example is the Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) molecule.
Explanation:
Intermolecular forces are forces of attraction or repulsion that exist between particles (ions, atoms, or molecules) that are close/in nearby proximity to each other. Usually, intermolecular forces are not as strong as intramolecular forces which create covalent or ionic bonds between the atoms that exist within molecules. Dipole-dipole interactions occur whenever the partial charges that exist within one molecule are attracted to the opposite partial charges that exist within another different molecule that is nearby and similar in composition: the positive end/charges of one molecule are attracted to the negative end/charges of another similar molecule.
An example of molecules that exhibit dipole-dipole interaction is the water (H2O) molecule. Another molecule which exhibits dipole–dipole interaction is the Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) molecule, whereby the positive end of one HCl molecule usually attracts the negative end of another HCl molecule.
Your answer is true. Covalent bonds are bonds between two atoms, and those two atoms share electrons.
