Answer:
In this chemical reaction, which is considered irreversible, that is why the reaction arrow is ONE and unidirectional and not two in opposite directions, which means reversibility of the reaction.
In summary, if we look closely at the reaction, we observe that the stoichiometric values are balanced in the reaction, therefore there is THE SAME AMOUNT OF REAGENTS AS PRODUCTS.
This phenomenon has to be met in ALL CHEMICAL REACTIONS, the stoichiometric balance is essential for this reaction to be well expressed.
Why is stoichiometric balance so important? Why we indicate that we have the same amount of reagents as products, means that NOTHING IS LOST, EVERYTHING IS TRANSFORMED in the matter of the organic compounds that reacted.
Explanation:
Although if we observe the stoichiometric values well they are not correct with respect to oxygen, therefore it would be necessary to correct that in the chemical reaction, but above we briefly explain why the balancing of the reactions and the relationship they have with the conservation of the mass.
The law of conservation of mass indicates that mass is never lost, but is transformed, like energy, considering that it happens in terrestrial life.
The molality is calculated using the following rule:
molality = number of moles of solute / kg of solvent
From the periodic table:
molar mass of lithium = 6.941 gm
molar mass of chlorine = 35.453 gm
molar mass of LiCl = 6.941 + 35.453 = 42.394 gm
number of moles found in 42 gm = mass / molar mass = 42 / 42.394 = 0.99
molality = 0.99 / 3.6 = 0.275 m
Answer:
Basically, paramagnetic and diamagnetic refer to the way a chemical species interacts with a magnetic field. More specifically, it refers to whether or not a chemical species has any unpaired electrons or not.
A diamagnetic species has no unpaired electrons, while a paramagnetic species has one or more unpaired electrons.
Now, I won't go into too much detail about crystal field theory in general, since I assume that you're familiar with it.
So, you're dealing with the hexafluorocobaltate(III) ion, [CoF6]3â’, and the hexacyanocobaltate(III) ion, [Co(CN)6]3â’.
You know that [CoF6]3â’ is paramagnetic and that [Co(CN)6]3â’ is diamagnetic, which means that you're going to have to determine why the former ion has unpaired electrons and the latter does not.
Both complex ions contain the cobalt(III) cation, Co3+, which has the following electron configuration
Co3+:1s22s22p63s23p63d6
For an isolated cobalt(III) cation, all these five 3d-orbitals are degenerate. The thing to remember now is that the position of the ligand on the spectrochemical series will determine how these d-orbtals will split.
More specifically, you can say that
a strong field ligand will produce a more significant splitting energy, Δ a weak field ligand will produce a less significant splitting energy, Δ
Now, the spectrochemical series looks like this
http://chemedu.pu.edu.tw/genchem/delement/9.htmhttp://chemedu.pu.edu.tw/genchem/delement/9.htm
Notice that the cyanide ion, CNâ’, is higher on the spectrochemical series than the fluoride ion, Fâ’. This means that the cyanide ion ligands will cause a more significant energy gap between the eg and t2g orbitals when compared with the fluoride ion ligands.
http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/3313/3393071/blb2405.htmlhttp://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media...
In the case of the hexafluorocobaltate(III) ion, the splitting energy is smaller than the electron pairing energy, and so it is energetically favorable to promote two electrons from the t2g orbitals to the eg orbitals → a high spin complex will be formed.
This will ensure that the hexafluorocobaltate(III) ion will have unpaired electrons, and thus be paramagnetic.
On the other hand, in the case of the hexacyanocobaltate(III) ion, the splitting energy is higher than the electron pairing energy, and so it is energetically favorable to pair up those four electrons in the t2g orbitals → a low spin complex is formed.
Since it has no unpaired electrons, the hexacyanocobaltate(III) ion will be diamagnetic.
