Answer - Race as a categorizing term referring to human beings was first used in the English language in the late 16th century. Until the 18th century it had a generalized meaning similar to other classifying terms such as type, sort, or kind. Occasional literature of Shakespeare’s time referred to a “race of saints” or “a race of bishops.” By the 18th century, race was widely used for sorting and ranking the peoples in the English colonies—Europeans who saw themselves as free people, Amerindians who had been conquered, and Africans who were being brought in as slave labour—and this usage continues today.
The peoples conquered and enslaved were physically different from western and northern Europeans, but such differences were not the sole cause for the construction of racial categories. The English had a long history of separating themselves from others and treating foreigners, such as the Irish, as alien “others.” By the 17th century their policies and practices in Ireland had led to an image of the Irish as “savages” who were incapable of being civilized. Proposals to conquer the Irish, take over their lands, and use them as forced labour failed largely because of Irish resistance. It was then that many Englishmen turned to the idea of colonizing the New World. Their attitudes toward the Irish set precedents for how they were to treat the New World Indians and, later, Africans.
Answer:
a sentencing circle
Explanation:
According to my research on Native American Justice Systems, I can say that based on the information provided within the question the peacemaking ceremony being mentioned is called a sentencing circle. Like mentioned in the question certain tribes would gather members of the community in a circle in order to face the offender of a crime and come up with the best punishment in order for everyone to be happy.
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Answer: A) Individuals of different ages are being compared to one another
Explanation: Cross sectional design or study, which is also known as transverse research study is a type of observational study which analyses data from a group of people who are different in the variable of interest but share other similar characteristics.
For example, the socioeconomic status of a particular population can be studied using age as the variable of interest. The disadvantage lies in the fact that certain age groups are favoured in each clime and the level of exposure, knowledge and experience may vary widely between a population of differing age groups.
Wouldn't that be Israel.... i could be wrong but i think it is
2. Is China 1. A strain on an Infrastructure
