<u>Answer:</u>
<em>Bronsted Lowry Theory</em>
<em>
is the acid </em>
<em>
is the base </em>
<em>
is the conjugate acid and </em>
<em>
is the conjugate base</em>
<u>Explanation:</u>
Bronsted Lowry Theory:
An acid is a substance that can donate one or more protons
A base is a substance which can accept one or more protons
Hydrogen atom which is neutral (No Charge) contains 1 positive proton, 1 negative electron and 0 neutral neutron.
Thus Hydrogen atom has no Charge and it is neutral.
When an hydrogen atom loses an electron, Hydrogen ion is formed, which will contain 1 positive proton and 0 negative electron and 0 neutral neutron.
Thus Hydrogen ion has a positive charge.
Hydrogen ion is also called as a proton since it has only 1 proton in it.
Hydrogen ion in water that is,
![H^++H_2O\Rightarrow H_3O^+](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=H%5E%2B%2BH_2O%5CRightarrow%20H_3O%5E%2B)
is called as Hydronium ion.
Acid loses H+ (proton) to form conjugate Base
Base gains H+ (proton) to form conjugate Acid
For example
Let us consider the example given in the question
can be written as (removed 1
from both the sides )
or
reversing the equation
is the acid which donates
to form ![HCO_3^-](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=HCO_3%5E-)
is the base which gains
to form ![H_3 O^+](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=H_3%20O%5E%2B)
is the conjugate base and
is the conjugate acid
So
is the acid
is the base
is the conjugate acid and
is the conjugate base
(Answer)