Question

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Answer 1

Equation of reaction:

                                        2 Na + Cl₂   →   2 NaCl

Oxidation States:
                                         L.H.S                    R.H.S
                      O.N of Na  =  0                           +1  =  O.N of Na in NaCl
                       O.N of Cl  =  0                            -1  =  O.N of Cl in NaCl

Oxidation Reaction:
               In this reaction O.S of Na is changing from 0 to +1 state, means it has oxidized with a loss of 1 electron,

                                             Na   →   Na⁺  +   e⁻

Reduction Reaction:
                In this reaction O.S of Cl is changing from 0 to -1 state, means it has reduced with a gain of 1 electron per atom,

                                            Cl₂  +   2e⁻   →   2Cl⁻

Oxidizing Agent:
                        In this reaction Cl is oxidizing agent as it has gain electron from sodium and has oxidized Na to Na⁺.

Reducing Agent:
                          In this reaction Na is reducing agent as it has given electron to chlorine and has reduced Cl to Cl⁻.