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2 years ago

Which best explains how gravity contributes to the formation of layers in protoplanets?.

1 answer:

4 0

The following statement best describes how gravity helps protoplanets create layers in that gravity pulls materials and generates compaction, which produces heat and causes materials to melt, sink, and rise. Option A is correct.

<h3>What is gravity?</h3><h3 />

Gravitation is a natural law by which all things with all matter are attracted towards one another. gravity causes weight to all matter and the gravity of the moon causes the ocean tides.

The force that draws massed bodies toward one another is known as gravity. Gravitatithus

According to the alternatives, gravity pulls things together and causes compaction, which generates heat and causes things to melt,

Thus, we may draw the conclusion that gravity draws materials and creates compaction, which generates heat and causes materials to melt, sink, and rise.

Hence option A is correct,

To learn more about gravity refer to the link;

brainly.com/question/1479537

#SPJ1

You might be interested in

A student is late and running to class. A hall monitor tells them to slow down, so the student slows to a walking speed of 1.4 m

sergey [27]

Answer:

8.9m/s

Explanation:

Final velocity = initial velocity + acceleration *time

Vf=vi+at

Vf=1.4 m/s

Vi=?

A=-2.5m/s^2

T=3

1.4m/s=vi+(-2.5m/s^2)(3s)

Vi=8.9m/s

7 0

3 years ago

A 2 kg book is sitting on a table. A 10 N force is pulling it to the right. A 3 N force is pulling to the left. What is the Net

ella [17]

Here's the 'vector equation' for that situation:

(10N right) + (3N left)

= (10N right) + (-3N right)

= 7N right .

6 0

3 years ago

How do solar systems, galaxies, and the universe show different frames of reference about space?

My name is Ann [436]

Answer:

Many people are not clear about the difference between our Solar System, our Milky Way Galaxy, and the Universe.

Let’s look at the basics.

Our Solar System consists of our star, the Sun, and its orbiting planets (including Earth), along with numerous moons, asteroids, comet material, rocks, and dust. Our Sun is just one star among the hundreds of billions of stars in our Milky Way Galaxy. If we shrink the Sun down to smaller than a grain of sand, we can imagine our Solar System to be small enough to fit onto the palm of your hand. Pluto would orbit about an inch from the middle of your palm.

Artist diagram of Milky Way galaxy

On that scale with our Solar System in your hand, the Milky Way Galaxy, with its 200 – 400 billion stars, would span North America (see the illustration on the right). Galaxies come in many sizes. The Milky Way is big, but some galaxies, like our Andromeda Galaxy neighbor, are much larger.

The universe is all of the galaxies – billions of them! NASA’s telescopes allow us to study galaxies beyond our own in exquisite detail, and to explore the most distant reaches of the observable universe. The Hubble Space Telescope made one of the deepest images of the universe, called the Hubble Extreme Deep Field (image at the top of this article). Soon the James Webb Space Telescope will be exploring galaxies forming at the very beginning of the universe.

You are one of the billions of people on our Earth. Our Earth orbits the Sun in our Solar System. Our Sun is one star among the billions in the Milky Way Galaxy. Our Milky Way Galaxy is one among the billions of galaxies in our Universe. You are unique in the Universe!

You can observe objects in our solar system and even see other galaxies at a star party near you-and rest assured that everything you are seeing is a part of the same universe as you!

Explanation:

A solar system is the system of celestial bodies built around a central star, the Sun. All of the system bodies, be they dwarf planets, small bodies and large planets, are held in a gravitational bond around the central star. Our solar system has eight large planets:

Four inner planets which are terrestrial, made entirely of rock and metal: Mars, Mercury, Earth and Venus;

Four outer planets which are gas and ice giants: Jupiter and Saturn (composed entirely of helium and hydrogen), Uranus and Neptune (composed of ices such as water, ammonia and methane).

The solar system also contains asteroid belts and the natural satellites of some of the planets. The trans-Neptunian region has the Kuiper belt, home to several dwarf planets, Pluto among them. Our solar system is located on the Orion Arm and is part of the Milky Way Galaxy. It was formed 4.6 billion years ago.

A galaxy is made out of billions of stars and their solar systems, held together by gravity, with a super- massive black hole at the center. Our Solar System is called the Milky Way; it is a spiral galaxy and the black hole in the center is called Sagittarius A*. Apart from the spiral shape, galaxies can also be elliptical or irregular in form. Galaxies gather in groups, clusters and super-clusters and there are billions of Galaxies in the Universe.

Some of these other galaxies are visible to the naked eye on a dark night and from places away from artificial light sources. The Andromeda Galaxy is the most recorded one throughout time and all over the world, its existence having been noted since the 10th century by Persian astronomer Al-Sufi, and having been the object of debate among other great thinkers up to the moment when the technology caught up to the discourse.

Solar System vs Galaxy

So what is the difference between a solar system and a galaxy?

A solar system represents the group of planets gravitationally bound to the central star. A galaxy has billions of stars and their solar systems. This difference in size is not only visible in the number of stars it is made out of, but also by how long it takes to cross it. It takes one light year to cross our solar system, and 100,000 light years to cross the galaxy.

While the biggest thing inside a solar system is the central sun, the biggest thing inside a galaxy is a massive black hole. The planets in a solar system orbit the sun, which is at the center, and the Sun, in turn, orbits the center of the Milky Way.

Comparison Chart

Solar system Galaxy

A group of planets orbiting the central sun A group of planetary systems whose central Suns are orbiting the center of the Galaxy

Gravitationally bound Gravitationally bound

Can be crossed in 1 light year Can be crossed in 100,000 light years

Most of the system mass is taken up by the central sun It hosts a super massive black hole, Sagittarius A*

More solar systems make up galaxies More galaxies make up the Universe

8 0

3 years ago

A giant wall clock with diameter d rests vertically on the floor. The minute hand sticks out from the face of the clock, and its

Katyanochek1 [597]

Answer:

$d_{x}(t)=(D/2)cos(\frac{\pi}{30}*t)$

Explanation:

We can try writing the equation of the horizontal component of the length of the minute hand in terms of distance and the angle, that depends of time in this particular case.

The x-component of the length of the minute hand is:

$d_{x}(t)=dcos(\theta (t))$ (1)

d is the length of the minute hand (d=D/2)
D is the diameter of the clock
t is the time (min)

Now, using the angular kinematic equations we can express the angle in term of angular velocity and time. As we know, the minute hand moves with a constant angular velocity, so we can use this equation:

$\theta (t)=\omega *t$ (2)

Also we know, that the minute hand moves 90 degrees or π/2 rad in 15 min, so using the definition of angular velocity, we have:

$\omega=\frac{\Delta \theta}{\Delta t}=\frac{\theta_{f}-\theta_{i}}{t_{f}-t{i}}=\frac{\pi/2-0}{15-0}=\frac{\pi}{30}$

Now, let's put this value on (2)

$\theta (t)=\frac{\pi}{30}*t$

Finally the length x(t) of the shadow of the minute hand as a function of time t, will be:

$d_{x}(t)=(D/2)cos(\frac{\pi}{30}*t)$

I hope it helps you!

6 0

3 years ago

9. An object is launched at a velocity 40m/s in adirection making an angle of 60° upward with the horizontal.

Orlov [11]

Answer:

a) 61.224 m

b) t = 7.070 seconds

c) horizontal component = 20 m/s; vertical component = 34.641 m/s

Note: I rounded all of these values to the nearest thousandth but if you want the precise values please read the explanation below.

Explanation:

<h2><u>Horizontal and Vertical Components:</u></h2>

Let's start this problem by solving for the horizontal and vertical components of the initial velocity vector.

We can solve for these x- and y-components by using the formulas:

h. component: $v_i \times cos \theta$
v. component: $v_i \times sin \theta$

Where $v_i$ is the initial velocity (here it's given to us: 40 m/s) and $\theta$ is the angle at which the object is launched above the horizontal (it's also given to us: 60°).

Substitute these given values into the formulas to solve for the horizontal and vertical components:

h. component = $40 \times $cos(60)$
v. component = $40 \times $sin(60)$

Input these values into a calculator and you will get:

h. component = 20 m/s
v. component = 34.641 m/s

<h2><u>Time of the Object:</u></h2>

Now we want to solve for the time t of the object before finding the maximum height of the object. In other words, the max height of the object is its vertical displacement at half of the time t we're about to find.

In order to solve for t, we can use one of the constant acceleration equations we are given in Physics. This equation is:

$v_f=v_i+at$

The time t is always solved for by using the vertical (y-direction) motion of the object in projectile motion, so therefore, we are going to be using this equation in terms of the y-direction.

$(v_f)_y = (v_i)_y + a_yt$

Time is the same regardless of the x- or y- direction.

Now, we don't necessarily know the final velocity of the projectile, but we do know its final velocity in the y-direction at the very top of the trajectory, which is 0 m/s.

We can use this to our advantage and solve for only half of the time t, then multiply it by 2 at the end to get the full time that the object is in the air.

We have already solved for $(v_i)_y$ , which is the vertical component. We know that an object in projectile motion has an acceleration of -g in the y-direction, so we use -9.8 m/s² for a.

$0=(40\times $sin(60)) + (-9.8)t$

Subtract the vertical component from both sides of the equation.

$-(40 \times $sin(60))= -9.8t$

Divide both sides of the equation by -9.8 in order to solve for t.

$\text{t}=3.534797566\ \text{seconds}$

Remember that this is only half of the time that the object spends in the air. However, this is the time that it takes for the object to reach its maximum height, which we will use later. For now, let's say that the time of the object is 2t.

$\text{2t = 7.069595132 seconds}$

<h2><u>Maximum Height of the Object:</u></h2>

In order to find the maximum height of the object, let's use another kinematic equation for constant acceleration:

$$x_f=x_i+v_it+\frac{1}{2} at^2$

Since we are still dealing with the y-direction, we can change this equation to be in terms of y.

$$(x_f)_y = (x_i)_y + (v_i)_yt + \frac{1}{2} a_yt^2$

The displacement in the y-direction, or the vertical displacement, can be modeled by subtracting $(x_i)_y$ from both sides of the equation.

$$\triangle x_y = (v_i)_yt + \frac{1}{2} a_yt^2$

In order to solve for the maximum height of the object, we want to use the time t that it takes for the object to reach its highest point, which we found was ~3.53 seconds. This is true because the object essentially follows the movement of a parabola.

We know the vertical component $(v_i)_y$ , and we know the acceleration in the y-direction is -g, so let's substitute these values into the formula for vertical displacement and solve for $\triangle x_y$ .

$$\triangle x_y = (40 \times \text{sin}(60))(3.534797566) + \frac{1}{2} (-9.8)(3.534797566)^2$
$$\triangle x_y = (122.4489796) + \frac{1}{2} (-9.8)(3.534797566)^2$
$$\triangle x _y = (122.4489796) -(4.9 \times 3.534797566^2)$
$$\triangle x_y = (122.4489796) - (61.22448978)$
$$\triangle x_y = 61.2244898$

The maximum height of this object in projectile motion is 61.224 m.

(This answer exceeded the character limit if I included the "Helpful Shortcuts" section, so I included it as an attachment in case you're interested.)

8 0

3 years ago