The conditions of temperature and pressure in which a gas least soluble in water is low pressure and high temperature.
<h3>What is Henry Law?</h3>
The amount of dissolved gas in a liquid is proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid, according to Henry's law.
From this law it is clear that:
- As the pressure of the gas increases solubility of the gas on the liquid also increases.
But if the temperature of the liquid decreases then the solubility of the gas also increases.
Hence at low pressure and high temperature, gas is least soluble.
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Thus BeF2 is of most covalent character.
Anyways, covalent/ionic character is a bit tricky to figure out; we measure the difference in electronegativity of two elements bonding together and we use the following rule of thumb: if the charge is 0 (or a little more), the bond is non-polar covalent; if the charge is > 0 but < 2.0 (some references say 1.7), the bond is polar covalent; if the charge is > 2.0 then the bond is ionic. Covalent character refers to smaller electronegativity difference while ionic character refers to greater electronegativity difference.
Now, notice all of our bonds are with F, fluorine, which has the highest electronegativity of 3.98. This means that to determine character we need to consider the electronegativities of the other elements -- whichever has the greatest electronegativity has the least difference and most covalent character.
Na, sodium, has electronegativity of 0.93, so our difference is ~3 -- meaning our bond is ionic. Ca, calcium, has 1.00, leaving our difference to again be ~3 and therefore the bond is ionic. Be, beryllium, has 1.57 yielding a difference of ~2.5, meaning we're still dealing with ionic bond. Cs, cesium, has 0.79, meaning our difference is again ~3 and therefore again our compound is of ionic bond. Lastly, we have Sr, strontium, with an electronegativity of 0.95 and therefore again a difference of roughly 3 and an ionic bond.
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Answer:
A.
Explanation:
It would be A. because the question is asking how the harmful chemicals have an effect on the environment. This answer also proves that even though we don't mean to harm the environment it still happens because we are using these chemicals for things in our daily life.
