1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
sesenic [268]
2 years ago
15

In Part A, we saw that the theoretical yield of aluminum oxide is 1.60 mol . Calculate the percent yield if the actual yield of

aluminum oxide is 1.22 mol .
Chemistry
1 answer:
garri49 [273]2 years ago
4 0

Taking into account definition of percent yield, the percent yield for the reaction is 76.25%.

<h3>Percent yield</h3>

The percent yield is the ratio of the actual return to the theoretical return expressed as a percentage.

The percent yield is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:

percent yield=\frac{actual yield}{theorical yield}x100

where the theoretical yield is the amount of product acquired through the complete conversion of all reagents in the final product, that is, it is the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reagents.

<h3>Percent yield in this case</h3>

In this case, you know:

  • actual yield= 1.22 mol
  • theorical yield= 1.60 mol

Replacing in the definition of percent yields:

percent yield=\frac{1.22 mol}{1.60 mol}x100

Solving:

<u><em>percent yield= 76.25%</em></u>

Finally, the percent yield for the reaction is 76.25%.

Learn more about percent yield:

brainly.com/question/14408642

#SPJ1

You might be interested in
What are typical characteristics of metals
photoshop1234 [79]

Answer:

Metals are lustrous, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity. Other properties include: State: Metals are solids at room temperature with the exception of mercury, which is liquid at room temperature (Gallium is liquid on hot days).

4 0
3 years ago
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 how many unpaired electrons are in the atom represented by the electron configuration above?
Sedbober [7]
It's a combination of factors:
Less electrons paired in the same orbital
More electrons with parallel spins in separate orbitals
Pertinent valence orbitals NOT close enough in energy for electron pairing to be stabilized enough by large orbital size
DISCLAIMER: Long answer, but it's a complicated issue, so... :)
A lot of people want to say that it's because a "half-filled subshell" increases stability, which is a reason, but not necessarily the only reason. However, for chromium, it's the significant reason.
It's also worth mentioning that these reasons are after-the-fact; chromium doesn't know the reasons we come up with; the reasons just have to be, well, reasonable.
The reasons I can think of are:
Minimization of coulombic repulsion energy
Maximization of exchange energy
Lack of significant reduction of pairing energy overall in comparison to an atom with larger occupied orbitals
COULOMBIC REPULSION ENERGY
Coulombic repulsion energy is the increased energy due to opposite-spin electron pairing, in a context where there are only two electrons of nearly-degenerate energies.
So, for example...
↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−− is higher in energy than
↑
↓
−−−−−

↓
↑
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−
To make it easier on us, we can crudely "measure" the repulsion energy with the symbol
Π
c
. We'd just say that for every electron pair in the same orbital, it adds one
Π
c
unit of destabilization.
When you have something like this with parallel electron spins...
↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−
It becomes important to incorporate the exchange energy.
EXCHANGE ENERGY
Exchange energy is the reduction in energy due to the number of parallel-spin electron pairs in different orbitals.
It's a quantum mechanical argument where the parallel-spin electrons can exchange with each other due to their indistinguishability (you can't tell for sure if it's electron 1 that's in orbital 1, or electron 2 that's in orbital 1, etc), reducing the energy of the configuration.
For example...
↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−− is lower in energy than
↑
↓
−−−−−

↓
↑
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−
To make it easier for us, a crude way to "measure" exchange energy is to say that it's equal to
Π
e
for each pair that can exchange.
So for the first configuration above, it would be stabilized by
Π
e
(
1
↔
2
), but the second configuration would have a
0
Π
e
stabilization (opposite spins; can't exchange).
PAIRING ENERGY
Pairing energy is just the combination of both the repulsion and exchange energy. We call it
Π
, so:
Π
=
Π
c
+
Π
e

Inorganic Chemistry, Miessler et al.
Inorganic Chemistry, Miessler et al.
Basically, the pairing energy is:
higher when repulsion energy is high (i.e. many electrons paired), meaning pairing is unfavorable
lower when exchange energy is high (i.e. many electrons parallel and unpaired), meaning pairing is favorable
So, when it comes to putting it together for chromium... (
4
s
and
3
d
orbitals)
↑
↓
−−−−−
↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−
compared to
↑
↓
−−−−−
↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−

↑
↓
−−−−−
is more stable.
For simplicity, if we assume the
4
s
and
3
d
electrons aren't close enough in energy to be considered "nearly-degenerate":
The first configuration has
Π
=
10
Π
e
.
(Exchanges:
1
↔
2
,
1
↔
3
,
1
↔
4
,
1
↔
5
,
2
↔
3
,

2
↔
4
,
2
↔
5
,
3
↔
4
,
3
↔
5
,
4
↔
5
)
The second configuration has
Π
=
Π
c
+
6
Π
e
.
(Exchanges:
1
↔
2
,
1
↔
3
,
1
↔
4
,
2
↔
3
,
2
↔
4
,
3
↔
4
)
Technically, they are about
3.29 eV
apart (Appendix B.9), which means it takes about
3.29 V
to transfer a single electron from the
3
d
up to the
4
s
.
We could also say that since the
3
d
orbitals are lower in energy, transferring one electron to a lower-energy orbital is helpful anyways from a less quantitative perspective.
COMPLICATIONS DUE TO ORBITAL SIZE
Note that for example,
W
has a configuration of
[
X
e
]
5
d
4
6
s
2
, which seems to contradict the reasoning we had for
Cr
, since the pairing occurred in the higher-energy orbital.
But, we should also recognize that
5
d
orbitals are larger than
3
d
orbitals, which means the electron density can be more spread out for
W
than for
Cr
, thus reducing the pairing energy
Π
.
That is,
Π
W
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Calculate the atomic mass for copper using the weighted average mass method. Express your answer using two decimal places and in
tatuchka [14]

Answer:

63. 55 amu

Explanation:

Copper is known to exist in two different isotopes which are Cu-63 and Cu-65.

Cu-63 has an atomic mass of 62.93 amu and it has an abundance of 69.15%.

Similarly,

Cu-65 has an atomic mass of 64.93 amu and it has an abundance of 30.85%

Therefore, using the weighted average mass method, the atomic mass of copper is:

Atomic mass of copper = (0.6915*62.93) amu + (0.3085*64.93) amu = 43.52 amu + 20.03 amu = 63.55 amu

Thus, the atomic mass of copper (express in two decimal places) is 63.55 amu

8 0
3 years ago
Bromine has a density of 3.10g/cm3. If you have 50.0 ML of bromine, how many grams do you have?
Zanzabum

Answer:

The answer is

<h2>155 g</h2>

Explanation:

The mass of a substance when given the density and volume can be found by using the formula

<h3>mass = Density × volume</h3>

From the question

volume of bromine = 50 mL

density = 3.10 g/cm³

It's mass is

mass = 50 × 3.10

We have the final answer as

<h3>155 g</h3>

Hope this<u> </u>helps you

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is Sublimation? ​
Stolb23 [73]

Answer:

When a solid turns to a gas.

Explanation:

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • What mass of xenon tetrafluoride, xef 4 , has the same number of fluorine atoms as 25.0 g of oxygen difluoride, of2?
    7·2 answers
  • In Nuclear chemistry, the key requirement for a chain reaction is that...a. each event must produce more than one particle capab
    14·1 answer
  • Choose all the right answers.
    7·1 answer
  • What role do glucose and oxygen play in cellular respiration?
    11·1 answer
  • In terms of energy, how would you classify the following chemical reaction? 2Cu + O2 + 315kJ → 2CuO
    8·1 answer
  • Fill in the following: Sulfur--32 isotope notation: #p+ : #nº : #e- :
    8·1 answer
  • An ion has 24 protons and 19 electrons. Write the symbol for this ion.
    9·1 answer
  • Why do experiments need to be repeatable?
    7·2 answers
  • Scientific knowledge of outer space has increased due to technology such as _______.
    9·2 answers
  • In a small, isolated group of monkeys, a new baby is born that has gray hair. The rest of the monkeys are brown. This is the res
    9·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!