Energy is neither created nor destroyed
Part a
Answer: 
For the arrangement considered in part a, all the atoms are aligned side by side along the side of the square surface.
Along one side of the square, the number of atoms that could fit 
This is along one side. On the entire surface:
Number of atoms 
Part b
Answer: 
consider the attached figure below:
The next layer of atoms are filled in the depressions of the first layer. The vertical distance between the two atoms would change. Consider an equilateral triangle drawn by joining the centers of the three atoms.
The atoms along the horizontal side would be aligned side by side; same as above 
The number of atoms along vertical side would vary. vertical distance between two atoms can be calculate using equilateral triangle as shown below.
an equilateral triangle has all the angles 
Let the vertical distance be y.
Then, 
where r is the radius of each atom. 

The number of atoms along the vertical side 
Total number of atoms in this kind of arrangement 
What is the acceleration so due to gravity and horizontal force the acceleration will be A
constant = 2 and 4
variable = y
Explanation:
A constant is usually a symbol with a known value. In the expression, the constants are 2 and 4.
Their values are accurately known.
A variable is place holder and the value is not known. Variables are not static. They can take different numerical values as defined by an equation:
2cm +4y
the cm is the a unit
2 and 4 are constants
y is a variable that can assume any value
Learn more:
Experiment brainly.com/question/1621519
#learnwithBrainly
You can compare the velocity of the car, 60 mph, with the velocity that a mass would acquire when falls from certain height.
First, convert 60 mph to m/s:
60 miles/h * 1.60 km/mile * 1000 m/km * 1h/3600s = 26.67 m/s
Second, calculate from what height a body in free fall reachs 26.67 m/s velocity when hits the floor.
free fall => Vf^2 = 2g*H => H = Vf^2 / (2g)
H = (26.67m/s)^2 / (2*9.8 m/s) = 36.2 m
If you consider that the height between the floors of a building is approximately 3.6 m, you get 36.2 m / 3.6 m/floor = 10 floors.
Then, you conclude that the force of impact is the same as driving you vehicle off a 10 story building.