The amount of variation in the tilt of the earth's axis is due to the gravitational force of the Moon
According to the Law of Universal Gravitation force, a force that attracts one particle to another is directly proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of their distance from one another.
The gravitational force is caused by the gravitational pull of two objects on one another is stronger the more mass they have and the closer they are to one another. The energy holding the gases inside the sun. the power behind a ball's descent after being thrown into the air. the force that makes an automobile coast downhill even when the gas is not depressed. the force behind a glass you dropped falling
The higher the bird flies, the bigger the shadow it casts, however, for the shadow to be visible enough the plane or bird would have to be close to the line directly from the sun.